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Module 1
Clinical 1 -- Review
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| the state of being free from all pathogenic organisms | asepsis |
| microorganisms that cause disease | pathogens |
| healthy bacteria that protects us against infection | normal flora |
| people; equipment; food; water; animals; insects are examples of | reservoirs; source |
| What are the most common infectious agent | bacteria; viruses; fungi; parasites; rickettsia |
| infectious agent leaves the reservoir through a | portal of exit |
| person that is capable of being infected | susceptible host |
| the stages of the infectious disease process | incubation; prodromal; acute; declining; convalescent |
| treat all blood/body fluids as if they are infectious | universal precautions |
| PPE stands for | personal protective equipment |
| PPE includes | gloves; mask; gown; face shield; head cover; shoe cover |
| washing and scrubbing equipment to remove blood and tissue | sanitization |
| process of using chemicals to kill microorganisms | disinfection |
| process of destroying all forms of living microorganisms | sterilization |
| sterilization in an autoclave is achieved at what temp | 250-270 f |
| practice used to reduce the amount of microorganisms once they leave the body | medical asepsis |
| process by which disposable medical equipment and body parts are destroyed by flame | incineration |
| this is not a substitute for wearing gloves | hand washing |
| first line of defense to decreasing the spread of microorganisms | hand washing |
| sterilizing articles using steam under pressure | autoclaving |
| single or loosely wrapped items are sterilized using autoclave in | 30 minutes |
| shelf life for items in sterilization paper or cloth | 30 days |
| serrations on an instrument help to | grip |
| instrument used to puncture tissue will have | teeth |
| instrument used to scrape and remove | curette |
| instrument used to pull back tissue to increase field of vision | retractor |
| most common local anesthetics | lidocaine; xylocaine |
| bandaging to immobilize a joint is done in | figure eight |
| most common method of bandaging is | spiral |
| stage one of would healing | inflammatory |
| stage two of wound healing | proliferative |
| stage three of wound healing | maturation |
| when identifying a patient always use | two identifiers |
| when applying antiseptic soap to the skin in concentric circles | center outward |
| what is achieved by applying a moist dressing, allowing it to dry, and then removing it | autolytic debridement |
| prior to any procedure you should have the patient | empty their bladder |
| alternative wound care for delayed healing using oxygen | hyperbaric chamber |
| dressing placed over a primary dressing to assist with fluid absorption is classified as | secondary dressing |
| which instrument is used to hold sterile drapes/towels in place | towel clamp |
| what uses electricity to cut and cauterized blood vessels | electric cautery; bove |
| what sterile drape is used to expose the surgical site | fenestrated drape |
| an epidural is what type of anesthesia | regional |
| who is responsible for applying the dressing after a procedure | medical assistant |
| what type of anesthesia is used for major surgery | general |
| what type of drainage is purulent | pus |
| what procedure is done to an abcess/cyst and may require packing | incision and drainage |
| what instrument is used to stop bleeding | hemostat; electric cautery |
| autoclaving multiple wrapped items are sterilized for | 40 minutes |
| shelf life for items after autoclaving with the addition of sterility maintenance covers | 6 months |
| disinfectants don't always kill | spores |
| alcohol based hand sanitizers should contain what percentage of alcohol | 60-90% |
| common low level household disinfectants | bleach; isopropyl alcohol |
| placed on the inside of a surgical pack that confirms proper sterilization | internal indicators |
| placed on the outside of a surgical pack to seal the wrapping and ensure proper sterilization | autoclave tape |
| shelf life of instruments using sterilization pouches | 6-12 months |
| agent capable of producing immunity to an infectious disease | vaccine |
| occurs as a results of being exposed to a pathogen | natural immunity |
| occurs after being injected with either the antigen or antibody | artificial immunity |
| includes universal precautions but holds the health care worker responsible for using additional PPE | standard precautions |
| sterilizing instruments using a chemical | cold sterilization |
| when instruments are placed in a lubricating solution following cleaning, it is known as | milking the instruments |
| instruments used to improve visualization | dilators; probes; scopes; speculum; retractors |
| holds the edges of a wound together to promote faster healing and reduce scarring | sutures |
| type of suture material used on internal structures and does not need to be removed | absorbable |
| most common suture material used, needs to be removed | nonabsorbable |
| reversible loss of consciousness used during major surgery | general anesthesia |
| suture removal for scalp and trunk | 7-10 days |
| suture removal for face | 3-5 days |
| suture removal for arms and legs | 10-14 days |
| suture removal for joints | 14 days |
| smallest suture size available | 6.0 |
| type of closure indicated for superficial wounds and can also reinforce sutures | sterile skin closures/steri-strips |
| part of a surgical instrument that determines its use | tip |
| type of antimicrobial soap given to patients to use before a surgical procedure | hibiclens |
| common antiseptic used during surgery | betadine/iodine |
| procedure to remove unwanted tissue like a wart using liquid nitrogen | cryosurgery |
| closing of a wound | laceration repair |
| used to flush and clean open wounds | sterile saline |
| done on an abcess or cyst and may involve packing | incision and drainage (I&A) |
| dressing that is placed directly over the wound | primary dressing |
| dressing placed over the primary dressing to assist with fluid absorption | secondary dressing |
| sterile solutions should be gently poured | 2-6 inches over the field |
| surgical scrub is done for | 2-6 minutes |
| sterile dressings are used to | keep out dirt and bacteria |
| prescriptions usually given to the patient postoperatively | analgesic and antibiotic |
| how far should the bandage extend beyond the dressing | 1-2 inches |
| bandages should be applied | distal to proximal |
| medicine that prevents or lessens the severity of a disease | prophylactic |
| must be a written prescription only done by a practitioner | schedule II drugs |
| drugs official chemical name | generic |
| name of a drug that is patented by a manufacturer | trade |
| any substance that produces a change in the function of a living organism | drug |
| the study of drugs | pharmacology |
| medications from a plant | digitalis and opium |
| medications from animals | insulin the thyroid |
| medications from minerals | silver nitrate and sulfur |
| a substance used in treatment to relieve symptoms | therapeutic |
| a medicinal product used in addition with other procedures to detect abnormalities | diagnostic |
| analgesic | Tylenol; Vicodin |
| anesthetic | lidocaine; novacaine |
| antianxiety | Xanax |
| antibiotic | Zithromax |
| anticoagulant | Coumadin |
| antidepressant | Paxil |
| antihistamine | Zyrtec |
| anti inflammatory | Motrin |
| antimaniac | lithium |
| antipsychotic | Seroquel |
| diuretic | Lasix |
| muscle relaxant | flexural |
| antiviral | zovirax |
| corticosteroid | prednisone |
| solid oral medication | tablets, capsule, caplet, gel caps |
| cholesterol lowering agent | Lipitor |
| drugs with high potential for abuse; accepted medical use; morphine | schedule 2 |
| less potential for abuse; hydrocone | schedule 3 |
| highest potential for abuse; not approved for medical use; heroine | schedule 1 |
| a secondary effect of a medication in addition to the therapeutic effect | side effect; adverse reaction |
| low potential for abuse; Xanax | schedule 4 |
| DEA | drug enforcement agency |
| seven rights of drug administration | RIGHT: patient; drug; dose; route; time; technique; documentation |
| medicines that pass through the organs of digestion | enteral |
| a drug reaction that results in the formation of antibodies against that specific drug | drug allergy |
| may be called into the pharmacy and refilled up to five times in six months | schedule 3-5 |
| the primary system of measurement used in pharmacology | metric system |
| this unit measures length | meter |
| this unit measures mass(weight) | gram |
| this unit measures volume | liter |
| intradermal injections are given at what angle | 15 degrees |
| example of an intradermal injection | PPD and allergy testing |
| formula for drug calculations | want/have X amount |
| tip of syringe that is threaded | leur lock |
| routes of parenteral administration | injection; intravenous; transmucosal; transdermal; topical; inhalation |
| routes of enteral admistration | oral; rectal; nasogastric |
| preferred injection site for young children | vastis lateralis |
| when withdrawing medication from a vial you should check the label | three times |
| site for Intradermal injections | inner forearm and middle of back |
| site for IM injections | deltoid; vastis lateralis; ventrogluteal;dorsalgluteal |
| site for subcutaneous injections | outer upper arm; lower abdomen |
| how long should a patient wait following an injection for a possible reaction | 20-30 minutes |
| what do you do when administering an injection to ensure that you are not in a blood vessel | aspirate |
| example of a schedule 2 drug | morphine and dilaudid |
| acetaminophen and ibuprofen are examples of what drug name | generic |
| Motrin and Tylenol are examples of what drug name | trade |
| GI upset is an example of | side effect/adverse effect |
| just before injecting a patient with a medication you should | change the needle and check the patients allergy status |
| MA are qualified to give what type of injections? | IM; ID; SC |
| MAs are not allowed to insert | IVs |
| one teaspoon is equal to | 5ml or 5cc |
| drug that is absorbed into the bloodstream | systemic |
| drug that has an affect at the site of injection | local |
| drug that is administered in one site and has an affect in another area | remote |
Created by:
monkmaroni
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