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WORLD HISTORY
Chapter 22 Study Guide French Revolution & Napoleon
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| First Estate | social class made up of the French clergy |
| Second Estate | social class made up of the French nobility |
| Third Estate | a social class made up of the common people |
| bourgeoisie | the more educated of the French middle class |
| Estates-General | the French parliament that met to discuss the government |
| sans-culottes | working class radicals in the Third Estate |
| jacobins | radical lawyers and intellectuals in the Third Estate |
| Robespierre | leader of the Committee of Public Safety who is later executed with the guillotine |
| Women's March to Versailles | a large number of women gathered and demanded "bread" and forced King Louis XVI and his family to come back to Paris. |
| National Assembly | name created by the Third Estate with the promise to draft a new constitution |
| taille | a land tax that hurt the Third Estate the most |
| coup d'etat | sudden overthrow of the government |
| Reign of Terror | the chaos that ensued when the Revolution official started in 1789. People became suspicious of each other and thousands of people were prosecuted without trial and executed with the guillotine device. |
| Counterrevolutionaries | people who were against the revolution |
| Tennis Court Oath | After being locked out of the Estate’s General, the Third Estate meets at a Tennis Court and make a pledge to revolt |
| The Constitution of 1791 | limited King Louis XVI's authority by giving the Legislative Assembly the power to make laws. |
| Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen | Constitution drafter by National Assembly |
| Causes of the French Revolution | increase in prices of food due to the famine and 7 Years War, frivolous spending by the king and queen of France, and the economic |
| Changes made to France by the National Assembly | write a new constitution and establish itself as a government |
| How did Napoleon rise to power? | He rose through the ranks of the French military and participated in a coup de’tat to overthrow the revolutionary government. |
| Why did many Catholics not support the French Revolution? | brought the Church under control of the state and the Church lost its land. Later, Napoleon gave back authority to the Church and made it the official religion in France, but did not give the Church its land back. |
| Napoleon’s new bureaucracy | he called it a consul, after the Roman consulate. It was based on ability only, not rank or birth. He later took the title of Emperor. |