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Chapter 5
Respiratory System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| nose | mucous membrane and hairs, acts as a filter to moisten and warm the entering air |
| nasal septum | partition separating the right and left nasal cavities |
| paranasal sinuses | air cavities within the cranial bones that open into the nasal cavities |
| pharnyx | the throat, serves as a a food and air passageway |
| adenoids | lymphoid tissue located on the posterior wall of the nasal cavity |
| tonsils | lymphoid tissue located on the lateral wall at the junction of the oral cavity |
| larynx | voice box, location of the vocal cords |
| epiglottis | flap of cartilage that covers the opening of the larynx, keeps food out |
| trachea | windpipe, passageway for air to the bronchi from the larynx |
| bronchus | one of two branches from the trachea that conducts air into the lungs |
| bronchioles | smallest subdivision of the bronchial tree |
| alveolus | air sacs at the end of the bronchioles |
| lungs | two spongelike organs in the thoracic cavity |
| pleura | double-folded serous membrane covering each lung and lining the thoracic cavity |
| diaphragm | muscular partition that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity |
| mediastinum | space between the lungs. Heart, esophagus, trachea ect. |
| adenoid/o | adenoids |
| alveol/o | alveolus |
| bronchi/o, bronch/o | bronchus |
| diaphragmat/o, phren/o | diaphragm |
| epiglott/o | epiglottis |
| laryng/o | larynx |
| lob/o | lobe |
| nas/o, rhin/o | nose |
| pharyng/o | pharynx |
| pleur/o | pleura |
| pneum/o, pneumat/o, pneumon/o | lung, air |
| pulmon/o | lung |
| sept/o | septum (wall off, fence) |
| sinus/o | sinus |
| thorac/o | thorax, chest, chest cavity |
| tonsill/o | tonsil |
| trache/o | trachea |
| atel/o | imperfect, incomplete |
| capn/o | carbon dioxide |
| hem/o, hemat/o | blood |
| muc/o | mucus |
| orth/o | straight |
| ox/i, ox/o | oxygen |
| phon/o, phonia | sound, voice |
| py/o | pus |
| radi/o | x-rays, ionizing radiation |
| somn/o | sleep |
| son/o | sound |
| spir/o | breathe, breathing |
| tom/o | to cut, section, or slice |
| a-, an- | absense of ,without |
| endo- | within |
| eu- | normal, good |
| poly- | many, much |
| trachy- | fast, rapid |
| pan- | all, total |
| -algia | pain |
| -ar, -ary, -eal | pertaining to |
| -cele | hernia or protrusion |
| -centesis | surgical puncture to aspirate fluid |
| -ectasis | stretching out, dilatation, expansion |
| -emia | in the blood |
| -gram | record, radiographic image |
| -graph | instrument used to record; record |
| -graphy | process of recording |
| -meter | instrument used to measure |
| -metry | measurement |
| -pexy | surgical fixation, suspension |
| -pnea | breathing |
| -rrhagia | rapid flow of blood |
| -scope | instrument used for visual examination |
| -scopic | pertaining to visual examination |
| -scopy | visual examination |
| -spasm | sudden, involuntary muscle contraction |
| -stenosis | constriction or narrowing |
| -stomy | creation of an artificial opening |
| -thorax | chest, chest cavity |
| -tomy | cut into, incision |
| bronchiectasis | dilation of the bronchi |
| bronchopneumonia | diseased state of the bronchi and lungs, inflammation of the lungs |
| laryngotracheobronchitis LTB | acute form called the croup, |
| pharyngitis | inflammation of the pharynx |
| pyothorax | pus in the chest cavity |
| rhinorrhagia | epistaxis, nosebleed |
| pneumocystitis carinii PCP | type of pneuoma, seen in aids patients |
| pertussis | whooping cough |
| tuberculosis TB | infectious bacterial disease, spread by inhalation of small particles |
| upper respiratory infection URI | cold, infection of the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx |
| tracheostomy | creation of an artificial opening into the trachea |
| tracheotomy | incision into the trachea |
| oximeter | instrument used to measure oxygen |
| spirometry | a measurement of breathing |
| auscultation | the act of listening for sounds within the body through a stethoscope |
| percussion | tapping of a body surface with the fingers to determine the density by the sound |
| aphonia | condition of absence of the voice |
| apnea | absence of breathing |
| hypoxemia | deficient oxygen in the blood |
| orthopnea | able to breathe easier in a straight position |
| nebulizer | device that creates a mist used to deliver medication for respiratory treatment |
| sputum | mucous secretion from the lungs, bronchi, and trachea expelled through the mouth |
| CXR | chest radiograph, chest x-ray |
| 02 | oxygen |
| SOB | shortness of breath |
| URI | upper respiratory infection |
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