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Chapter 12 Islam
Stack #217977
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| oasis | a wet, fertile area in a desert |
| caravan | a group of traders that travel together |
| Muhammad | founder of the religion of Islam |
| Islam | religion based on the messages received from Muhammad; arabic for "submission" "surrender" or "commitment" |
| Muslim | follower of Islam |
| Koran or Qur'an | Holy Book of Islam |
| mosque | building for Muslim prayer |
| pilgrimage | journey to a sacred place |
| influence | change, or have an effect on |
| sand dunes | hills of sand shaped by the wind |
| Kaaba | a very important shrine or places where gods were worshipped |
| Mecca | the place where Muhammad was born |
| hegira | Muhammad's departure from Mecca |
| Medina | the place where Muhammad became a spiritual and political leader; means "the Prophet's city" in Arabic |
| nomads | people who lived in tents and raised herds of sheep, goats, and camels. They traveled across the desert in search of food and water for their animals. |
| jihad | means struggle or to make an effort. Refers to the inner struggle people go through in an effort to obey God but can also mean the struggle to defend the Muslim community or to convert people to Islam. |
| Sunnah | refers to the way Muhammad lived, which provides a model for the duties and the way of life expected of Muslims |
| hadith | the written record of Muhammad's words and actions. |
| Five Pillars of Islam | the five acts of worship required of all Muslims |
| Shariah | Islamic law based on interpretations of the Koran and Sunnah |
| caliph | a title that Muslims use for the highest leader of Islam |
| tolerance | acceptance |
| development | the process of growing or improving |
| Janissaries | slave soldiers who converted to Islam and became fierce warriors |
| Mehmed II | Ottoman sultan, he defeated the Byzantine Empire in 1453. |
| Suleyman I | Ottoman ruler, he governed the empire at its height. |
| Shia | Muslims who thought that only Muhammad's descendants could become caliphs. |
| Sunni | Muslims who thought that caliphs did not have to be related to Muhammad. |
| Abu Baker | the first caliph; he ruled the Muslim world after Muhammad's death. |
| Ibn Battutah | Muslim explorer and writer |
| sufism | movement where people they could find God's love by having a personal relationship with God. |
| patrons | sponsors |
| minaret | narrow tower from where Muslims are called to prayer. |
| calligraphy | decorative writing |
| Omar Khayyam | famous Sufi poet |
| Allah | what Muslims call God |
| Ramadan | Muslim's Holy Month where Muslims fast and pray five times each day |
Created by:
KARENCROSBY
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