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Ch. 11 History Notes

TermDefinition
caliph successor to the messenger of God.
Umayyads lost power in A.D. 750.
Omar Khayyam Mathematician, astronomer, and poet.
oasis green area in a desert fed by underground water.
Indonesia includes more Muslims than any other nation in the world.
Ottoman Empire began in Turkey.
Sunnis believe the Umayyad dynasty should rule.
Akbar the greatest Mogul ruler who brought peace to his territory.
Mecca the largest and richest town in Arabia.
mosque Muslim house of worship.
Abu al Abbas first ruler in the Abbasid dynasty.
Bedouins desert herders who traveled from oasis to oasis for water.
Quran holy book of Islam.
Timbuktu west African center of Muslim learning.
Taj Mahal a beautiful tomb in India.
Suleiman I sultan of the Ottoman Empire in the 1500s.
minarets tower of a mosque from which the crier calls believers to prayer five times a day.
Muslims followers of Islam.
Five Pillars of Islam acts of worship that Muslims must fulfill.
Shiites believe Muhammad’s son-in-law should rule after his death.
How did Arab merchants transport goods across the desert? caravans.
What group of people felt threatened by Islam? wealthy merchants.
Muhammad built an army, then conquered what city? Mecca.
What did the Shiites think about the Umayyads being in power? they had no right to be in power.
What did the Seljuks rule over? the government and army.
Did the Ottoman Empire allow religious freedoms? yes.
Where did most Muslims in the Arab Empire live? on farms.
What did Muslim scholars preserve? ancient learnings.
What does the term "Islam" mean? surrendering to the will of God.
What happened when Muhammad and his followers left Mecca? Madinah made Muhammad its ruler.
Who were the Rightly Guided Caliphs? rulers who obeyed Islam's teachings.
What did the Sunnis believe? the Umayyad dynasty should rule.
When did the Arab Empire end? when Mongols burned Baghdad.
Ottoman Empire one of the largest and most powerful Muslim empires.
Did the Mogul ruler Akbar allow religious freedom? yes.
What country today has the largest Muslim population? Indonesia.
Five Pillars of Islam belief, prayer, fasting, pilgrimage, charity.
Belief Muslims must believe that Allah is the only God and Muhammad is his prophet.
Prayer Muslims must pray five times a day facing Mecca.
Fasting Muslims must not eat from dawn to dusk during the month of Ramadan.
Pilgrimage Muslims must visit Mecca at least once in their life.
Charity Muslims must give to the poor.
Created by: S730503
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