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History Midterm

Chapter 9

QuestionAnswer
climate zones of Africa tropical rain forest, savannah, steppes, desert, and fertile farmland
tropical rain forest wet highly populated forests that run mostly along the equator
savannah grassy plane
steppe large, flat, unforested grassland
deserts Sahara, Kalahari, Namib
fertile farmland fertile areas along the Mediterranean coast and the southern tip
red sea the sea that separates arabia and africa
indian ocean borders eastern africa
atlantic ocean borders western africa
mediterranean sea the sea to the north of africa
nile river longest river in the world; runs through eastern africa
salt major trading product
gold major trading product; stimulated need for slaves
bantu root language in africa that was eventually used to track migration
kingdom of nubia also called kush;located in sudan;always able to stay independent from egypt;very similar to the egyptians
king piankhi nubian king;conquered egypt
meroe the location of the nubian capital after the were forced to retreat south by the assyrians
animistic religion attribution of a soul to plants, inanimate objects, and natural phenomena
polytheistic religion religion involving many deities
north africa carthage;descendants of phoenicians;hannibal was from here:invaded rome
carthage main city in north africa
punic wars wars between the carthaginians and the romans
roman empire ruled over north africa
septimus severus once a soldier from north africa;later became emperor of rome
st.augustine of hippo most influential christian thinker of the late roman empire;born in north africa
trans-saharan trade camels carried loads of valuable products across the sahara and into arabia
camels "ships of the desert"
islam introduced to africa through trans-saharan trade
berbers indigenous peoples of north africa west of the nile valley
kingdom of ghana 9th-13th century CE;model for other states;soninke people;located between the niger and senegal rivers;"land of gold"
soninke people called their ruler ghana;rulers united many farming villages to create ghana
"ghana" "ruler or war chief"
kumbi saleh capital of ghana;two separte walled in towns
great friday mosque mosque located in djenne
kingdom of mali "swallowed" ghana;means "where the king dwells" in mandinka;successful agriculture, salt, and gold trade
mandinke the mandinke were a group of people whose leader, sundiata, founded the kingdom of mali
sundiata mandinke ruler who founnded the kingdom of mali
mansa musa greatest emperor of mali; expanded mali's borders westward and northward; converted to islam; made the hajj
timbuktu "queen of the sudan"; an intellectual, commercial, and artistic center
kingdom of axum southwest of nubia; descended from jewish african farmers; controlled triangular trade network; eventually became christian
king ezana of axum; conquered nubia; converted to christianity
frumentius traditionally christianity was brought to ethiopia by this syrian-christian trader; was the tutor of king ezana
coptic christian faith gave the ethiopians a unique sense of identity
queen of sheba mythically the kings of ethiopia were said to be descended from her and king solomon
king solomon supposedly had an affair with the queen of sheba who gave birth to the first ethiopian king
"the glory of the kings" an ancient ethiopian book
east-african city-states created by commercial activity; along the east-african coast
mogadishu an east-african city-state
kilwa an east-african city-state; "one of the most beautiful and well-constructed towns in the world"
swahili the name for east-african culture
south africa developed in isolation; lots of mineral resources
great zimbabwe "great stone buildings"; stone ruins found by europeeans in the 1800's; was the capital of a vast empire; wealth came from gold mining
Created by: briana_wilvert
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