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World History C 16
Chapter 16 of World History, Study Guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is predestination? | The Calvinist belief that which people are going to go to heaven is already decided |
| Which Protestant branch believed in predestination? | Calvinism |
| From Italy, where did the Renaissance spread? | All over Europe due to the printing press |
| Why were people becoming upset with the Church in the 16th century? | Corruption, greedy, indulgence selling |
| What were the main motivators for the Age of Exploration (Age of Discovery)? | Find a way around Islamic Gunpowder empires high taxes on goods from Asia, wealth |
| Which country was the first to launch large-scale exploration voyages? | Portugal |
| What is the most significant accomplishment of Amerigo Vespucci? | Discovering that the west Indies were a new land, not Asia |
| What is the most significant accomplishment of Sir Francis Drake? | Defeating the Spanish Armada and being knighted. Completed second circumnavigation of world. |
| What is an encomienda? | A charter by the Spanish Crown to let the explorer go off and conquer other lands in name of Spain |
| How did the arrival of Europeans affect Native Americans? | Columbian exchange, goods went to and from, mostly livestock to and food from, diseases killed off most native peoples, also conquistadors killed them. |
| What religion were the Turks? | Muslim |
| What are janissaries? | Young Christian boys captured and trained to be Soldiers |
| Who used janissaries? | Ottoman empire in Turkey |
| Describe the population of the Ottoman Empire? What was the diversity like? | Big, lots of diversity, allowed others to continue practicing religion, many different races and religions, very tolerant |
| Who created the statue of David and the Pieta? | Michelangelo (Pieta: virgin Mary holding dead Jesus) |
| Where did the Renaissance begin? Why? | Began in Florence, wealth from middle ages was used to beautify cities, and less suffering and plague installed new view on life |
| How did Renaissance artists make their art look more realistic? | Distance, three dimensional appearance, perspective |
| What is humanism? | Individual worth and ability (decline in church influence= secularism) |
| Why were more people literate in the 15th century? | Monks had been the only literate people, but new literature emerged, Johannes Gutenberg made printing press and made literature more rampant and required |
| Why did Martin Luther write the 95 Theses in Latin? | Technically addressing church officials, and Latin was the language of the church |
| Who started the Protestant Reformation? | Martin Luther |
| Which country was predominantly Anglican? | England |
| Who wrote "The Prince"? | Niccoló Machiavelli |
| What is meant by "the end justifies the means"? | You may do anything as long as it is for a good cause |
| Who invented the printing press? | Johannes Gutenberg |
| Describe the Council of Trent. | Meeting of all major catholic leaders to restore religion |
| What does an astrolabe do? | Device put up to eye to navigate by stars, use to calculate location based on position of sun and stars in relation to horizon |
| What was the ultimate goal of the early Portuguese explorers? | To find a water route around Africa |
| What was the goal of early English, Dutch, and French explorers? | To passage to Asia |
| What was the Treaty of Tordesillas? | A treaty between Spain and Portugal to split territory in the new world according to the line of demarcation |
| The population of Native Americans in Spanish colonies dropped by what %? | 90% |
| What was the Columbian Exchange? | Exchange of good across Atlantic ocean, food from Americas, livestock to Americas |
| What % of food crops grown in the world today are of American origin? | 1/3 = 33.3% |
| Define mercantilism. | Government protecting trade to amass wealth, a nation's strength is based on how much gold and silver it possessed |
| What is a conquistador? | Spanish explorer and conqueror |
| Why did planters in the Americas have to start using African slaves for labor? | Only African slaves, not native Americans, had immunity to European diseases |
| How did the Renaissance contribute to the Age of Exploration? | The growth in trade and wealth allowed more expansion of the known world as well as providing in other empires, a reason to explore beyond in the seas for a rout to avoid taxes, new ideas enhanced beliefs in human achievement |
| What was an effect of the Columbian Exchange? | Native Americans were wiped out , longevity for europeans |
| Who founded the Ottoman Empire? | Osman Bey |
| Who was Suleyman I? | Golden age ottoman empire ruler |
| Describe the way in which Shah Jahan ruled the Mughal Empire. | Heavy taxes to build buildings |
| What innovation allowed the Ottoman Empire to expand? | Gunpowder |
Created by:
flyingsocksquirrel
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