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Middle Ages
Standard 6-5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What was Europe like by the early 500s? | Warlords ruled over small states; Europe was divided into many small kingdoms |
| Who was Charlemagne? | King of the Frankish Empire; Crowned "Emperor of the Romans" because he had conquered territories of the former Roman Empire |
| Feudalism | A system of promises that governed the relationship between lords and vassals |
| Where did feudalism develop? | Western Europe; France, England, and Low countries; eventually spread to Spain, Eastern Europe, and Russia |
| Fiefs | Pieces of land |
| Vassal | A knight who promised to support a lord in exchange for land |
| Describe the relationship between lords and knights. | Nobles needed protection. In exchange for protection, nobles gave knights pieces of land. Nobles that did this became “lords”. |
| Describe the relationship between lords/knights and peasants. | Lords and knights needed people to work the land. In exchange for a small piece of land, serfs/peasants worked the land for the lords. |
| Serfs | Workers who were tied to the land in which they lived; were NOT slaves, but could not leave the land without lord's permission; in return for work, received a small piece of land for themselves |
| Who brought feudalism to England? | William the Conqueror |
| How did feudalism affect England? | It weakened the power of the nobles and strengthened the power of the monarchy (king); over time, nobles began to reject the power of the king |
| Explain what happened in England in 1215. | A group of nobles forced the king to recognize, and respect, their rights; the nobles and king met in a field near Runnymede, near London, and the nobles forced King John to sign the Magna Carta |
| What is the Magna Carta? | A document that listed the rights for the people, the king could not ignore |
| What does Magna Carta mean? | "Great Charter" |
| What did the Magna Carta require? | Required the king to honor certain rights, and required that everyone, including the king, had to obey the law |
| Give an example of one of the requirements of the Magna Carta. | Habeas corpus; a person could not be kept in jail without reason; had to be charged with a crime and convicted at a jury trial before being sent to prison |
| Parliament | The lawmaking body that governs England today |
| What happened by the late 1600s in England? | People demanded that judges be free from royal control; they believed that judges chosen by the king would always side with the king; by the late 1600s, the king agreed to free the courts from his control |
| Why was the creation of an independent judicial system important? | Was a key step in bringing democracy to England |
| What was the Black Death? | A deadly plague that swept through Europe between 1347 and 1351 |
| Where did the Black Death come from? | Originally came from central and eastern Asia |
| How did people get the Black Death? | Fleas that bit infected rats, would jump onto people and infect them (rats -->fleas-->humans) |
| How did the Black Death affect England? | In some villages, nearly everyone died or people fled when their neighbors became infected; In England alone, about 1,000 villages were abandoned |
| Describe the impact of the Black Death on Europe. | Plague killed millions of people in Europe and millions more around the world; Some historians think Europe lost about a third (1/3) of its population (possibly 25 million) |
| Describe the impact of the Black Death on the Manor System. | Manor system fell apart in some places; Not enough people to work in the fields; Peasants and serfs could demand wages for their labor; Once they had the money, many fled the manors |
Created by:
NYongue
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