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Bailey 09-1
(AMS) 3rd 9 Weeks Test Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| philosopher | a person who used reason to understand natural events |
| blockade | actions taken to isolate an enemy and cut off its |
| aristocrat | a member of a rich and powerful ruling family |
| Hellenistic | Greek culture and history after the death of Alexander |
| city-state | small, independent nations |
| acropolis | collection of fortified (protected) structures on a hill |
| agora | public markets in the cities of ancient Greece |
| peninsula | an area of land that is surrounded by water on three sides |
| plague | widespread sickness |
| patrician | a wealthy, upper-class person |
| disciple | a follower of a person or belief |
| republic | form of government in which citizens vote for their leader |
| province | a unit of the Roman Empire, ruled by a governor supported by an army |
| aqueduct | structures built to carry water over long distances |
| veto | rejecting or forbidding any planned action or rule by a person in power |
| mercenary | a foreign soldier who serves a nation only for pay |
| plebeian | a social class of ordinary citizens in the ancient Roman Republic |
| inflation | an economic situation in which there is more money, but it has less value |
| Why did Greek communities develop separate customs and beliefs? | geography (mountainous peninsulas and islands) isolated the people |
| What actions occurred during Greece’s Dark Ages? | people relied on word of mouth to keep their traditions alive; many people lived in poverty; people gave up writing |
| The Greeks believed that their gods were immortal. What does this mean? | the gods will live forever |
| What did the Spartan government concentrate its resources on creating? | brave and skillful warriors |
| In what areas did important achievements develop during the Hellenistic period? | science and mathematics |
| What effect did geography have on the communities of Ancient Greece? | made it hard for communities to unify (unite) |
| Why were myths so important to the Greek people? What did they explain? | the creation of the universe and the features of nature |
| What did philosophers believe about the gods? | the gods were not the source of everything |
| One reason people went to the Acropolis was for religious purposes. What purpose of life did the agora fulfill? | public life |
| What event occurred that resulted in the collapse of Athens? | Peloponnesian War |
| What happened to Greece under the leadership of Alexander the Great? | expanded its empire |
| Why was free grain given to the poor by Roman emperors? | to prevent riots when the harvest was poor |
| Once conquered by the Romans, what must people do in order to continue their own cultures/beliefs? | live peacefully and pay taxes |
| What led to Rome’s serious economic problems? | unemployment, high taxes, inflation |
| Why was Rome’s geographic setting so important? | its location was central to the Italian Peninsula and the known Western World |
| How does Roman law affect us today? | it developed ideas of justice that are the basis of our legal system. |
| What happened to the Roman Empire under Constantine’s rule? | gained Christianity as its official religion |
| How were conquered people treated by Roman governors? | left alone by the Roman governors as long as they lived peacefully |
| What led to Constantinople’s wealth? | its location was a natural crossroads of trade |
| Why was Islam so attractive to the people of the Arabian Peninsula? | Islam offered people a way of life in contrast to the oppressive rules of the nearby Byzantine and Persian empires |
| What caused Islam to spread so quickly along the western & southern region of the Mediterranean Basin? | Muslim traders took their religion there |
| How is Islam’s golden age portrayed? | scholars see it as one the most brilliant periods in world history |
| Why did the Byzantine Empire last over 1,000 years? | grew rich from trade |
| Who were the Bedouins? | nomadic people who made their homes in the Arabian desert |
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