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MT Ear Chp 13
Medical Terminology Chapter 13 -EAR
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| pinna | auricle (little ear); projected part of the external ear |
| external auditory meatus | external passage for sounds collected from the pinna to the typmpanum |
| cerumen | waxy substance secreted by glands located throughout the external canal |
| tympanic membrane (TM) | eardrum |
| malleus | hammer; first of the three auditory ossicles of the middle ear |
| incus | anvil; middle of the three auditory ossicles of the middle ear |
| stapes | stirrup; last of the three auditory ossicles of the middle ear |
| eustachian tube (throat), auditory tube | tube connecting the middle ear to the pharynx |
| mastoid process | projection of the temporal bone located behind the ear containing air cells that connect to the middle ear (masto=breast) |
| oval window | membrane that covers the opening between the middle ear and inner ear |
| inner ear | structures and liquids that relay sound waves to the auditory nerve fibers on a path to the brain for interpretation of sound |
| labyrinth | maze; inner ear consisting of bony and membranous labyrinths |
| cochlea | coiled tubular structure of the inner ear that contains the organ of Corti (cochlea=snail) |
| perilymph | fluid that fills the bony labyrinth of the ear |
| endolymph | fluid within the cochlear duct of the inner ear (labyrinth) |
| organ of Corti | organ located in the cochlea that contains receptors (hair cells) that receive vibrations and generate nerve impulses for hearing |
| vestibule | middle part of the inner ear in front of the semicircular canals and behind the cochlea that contains the utricle and saccule |
| utricle | larger of two sacs within the membraneous labyrinth of the vestibule in the inner ear |
| saccule | smaller of two sacs within the membranous labryinth of the vestibule in the inner ear |
| semicircular canals | three canals within the inner ear that contain specialized receptor cells that generate nerve impulses with body movement |
| otalgia, otodynia | earache |
| otorrhagia | bleeding from the ear |
| otorrhea | purulent drainage from the ear |
| tinnitus | a jingling, ringing, or buzzing in the ear |
| vertigo | a turning round; dizziness |
| acous/o, audi/o | hearing |
| aero/o | air or gas |
| aur/i, ot/o | ear |
| cerumin/o | wax |
| salping/o | eustachian tube or uterine tube |
| tympan/o, myring/o | eardrum |
| -acusis | hearing condition |
| otitis externa | inflammation of the external auditory meatus |
| cerumen impaction | excessive buildup of was in the ear |
| myringitis, tympanitis | inflammation of the eardrum |
| otitis media | inflammation of the middle ear |
| aerotitis media | inflammation of the middle ear for changes in atmospheric pressure |
| otosclerosis | hardening of the bony tissue in the ear |
| mastoiditis | inflammation of the mastoid process |
| eustachian obstruction | blockage of the mastoid process |
| acoustic neuroma | benign tumor on the auditory nerve |
| aplasia | condition of absence or malformation of inner ear structures |
| labyrinthitis | inflammation of the labyrinth |
| Meniere disease | disorder of the inner ear due to an excessive buildup of endolymphatic fluid |
| deafness | general term for partial or complete hearing loss |
| conductive hearing loss | hearing impairment caused by interference with sound |
| sensorineural hearing loss | hearing impairment by lesions or dysfunction |
| mixed hearing loss | combination of sensorineural and conductive hearing loss |
| presbyacusis, presbycusis | hearing impairment in old age |
| audiometry | processs of measuring hearing |
| audiometer | instrument to measure hearing |
| audiogram | record of hearing measurement |
| audiologist | person who specializes in the study of hearing impairments |
| auditory acuity testing | physical assessment of hearing |
| tuning ford | 2 pronged fork like instrument that vibrates when struck |
| brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) | electrodiagnostic testing using computerized equipment to measure involuntary responses to sound within the auditory nervous system |
| pneumatic otoscopy | otoscopic observation of the tympanic membrane as air is released into the external auditory meatus (canal) |
| tympanometry | measurement of the compliance and mobility of the tympanic membrane and ossicles of the middle ear by monitoring the resonse after exposeure to external airflow pressures |
| microsurgery | surgery with the use of a microscope |
| myringotomy, tympanostomy | incision into the eardrum, most often for insertion of a small metal or plastic tube, to keep the meatus open, avoiding fluid build up as that which occurs as a result of otits media |
| otoplasty | surgical repair of the outer ear |
| stapedectomy | excision of the stapes to correct otosclerosis |
| tympanoplasty | vein graft of a scarred tympanic membrane to improve sound conduction |
| auditory prothesis | any internal or external devise that improves or substitutes for natural hearing |
| hearing aid | external amplifying device designed to improve hearing |
| cochlear implant | electronic device implanted in the cochlea that provides sound perception to patients with severe or profound hearing loss in both ears |
| ear lavage | irrigation of the external ear canal, commonly done to remove excessive buildup of cerumen |
| ear instillation | introduction of a medicated solution into the external canal |
| antibiotic | drug that inhibits the growth or destroys microorgranisms |
| antihistamine | drug that blocks the effects of histamine |
| histamine | regulating body substance released in excess during allergic reactions |
| anti-inflammatory | drug that reduces inflammation |
| decongestant | drug that reduces congestion and swelling of membranes |
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