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Ancient China
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| great wall | a system of fortified walls with a roadway along the top, constructed as a defense for China against the nomads of the regions that are now Mongolia and Manchuria: completed in the 3rd century b.c., but later repeatedly modified and rebuilt. |
| classical China | is the language of the classic literature from the end of the Spring and Autumn period through to the end of the Han Dynasty, a written form of Old Chinese. |
| post classical china | history (also called the Post classical Era) is the period of time that immediately followed ancient history. Depending on the continent, the era generally falls between the years AD 200-600 and AD 1200–1500. |
| bronze casting | the process by which a duplicate metal sculpture (often silver, gold, brass or bronze) is cast from an original sculpture. |
| magnetic compass | an instrument containing a magnetized pointer that shows the direction of magnetic north and bearings from it. |
| civil service system | those branches of public service concerned with all governmental administrative functions outside the armed services. 2. the body of persons employed in these branches. 3. a system or method of appointing government employees on the basis of competitive e |
| Qin Shi Huangdi | First Chinese Emperor. A ruler from the western state of Qin united and subjugated the Warring States and formed China in 221 B.C. He declared himself the first emperor of China and named himself Shi Huangdi (meaning First Emperor). |
| Wu-ti Chengo | 156 bc–86 bc, Chinese emperor (140–86) of the Han dynasty, who greatly extended the Chinese empire and made Confucianism the state religion |
| Mandate of heaven | The Mandate of Heaven (Chinese: 天命; pinyin: tiānmìng; literally: "heaven decree") is an ancient Chinese belief and philosophical idea that tiān (heaven) granted emperors the right to rule based on their ability to govern well and fairly. |
| Zhou | A dynasty which ruled in China from the 11th century bc to 256 bc. |
| Dynasty | a line of hereditary rulers of a country. |
| Laozi | was a philosopher and poet of ancient China. He is known as the reputed author of the Tao Te Ching and the founder of philosophical Taoism, and as a deity in religious Taoism and traditional Chinese religions. |
| Confucius | A Chinese philosopher of the sixth century b.c.; the founder of Confucianism. His teachings have come down to us as a collection of short sayings. An engraving of the Chinese philosopher. |
| Han Fei Zi | is an ancient Chinese text attributed to foundational political philosopher, "Master" Han Fei. |
| Merchant | a person or company involved in wholesale trade, especially one dealing with foreign countries or supplying merchandise to a particular trade. |
| Skilled tradesman | s a manual worker in a particular trade or craft requiring skill (i.e., the "skilled trades"). Tradesmen are contrasted with unskilled workers (laborers), agricultural workers, and professionals (those in the learned professions). |
| acquire | buy or obtain (an object or asset) for oneself. |
| effect | a change that is a result or consequence of an action or other cause. |
| sub-continent | a large, distinguishable part of a continent, such as North America or southern Africa. |
| Asia | a continent bounded by Europe and the Arctic, Pacific, and Indian oceans. About 16,000,000 sq. mi. (41,440,000 sq. km). |
| China | a country in Asia |
| India | Hindi Bharat. a republic in S Asia: a union comprising 25 states and 7 union territories; formerly a British colony; gained independence Aug. 15, 1947; became a republic within the Commonwealth of Nations Jan. 26, 1950. 1,246,880 sq. mi. (3,229,419 sq. km |
| continent | any of the world's main continuous expanses of land (Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, South America). |
| country | a nation with its own government, occupying a particular territory. |
| trade route | A trade route is a logistical network identified as a series of pathways and stoppages used for the commercial transport of cargo. |
| monotheism | the doctrine or belief that there is only one God. |
| polytheism | the belief in or worship of more than one god. |
| non-theism | Strong or positive atheism is the positive belief that a god does not exist. Someone who does not think about the existence of a deity may be termed a weak or negative atheist, or more specifically implicitly atheist. |
| background knowledge | something you have already learned |
| geographic physical features | The scientific study of the natural features of the Earth's surface, especially in its current aspects, including land formation, climate, currents, and distribution of flora and fauna. Also called physiography. |
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