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Argentine Revolution
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| May Revolution | A week in May in Buenos Aires where a viceroy was removed and a local government was established |
| Viceroyalty of the River Platte | A colony under a viceroy in Argentina, Uraguay, Paraguay, and Bolivia. The amount of wealth it had made it a target for British expansion |
| British Invasion | Tried to capture Buenos Aires in 1806-07. Spain was unable to aid the colony due to devastation following the Battle of Trafalgar. Creole militia had to take back the city on their own |
| Peninsular War of 1808 | Napoleon invaded Spain after having defeated Portugal. Thus the administrator of the colonies became ineffective. |
| Viceroy Cisneros | The people wanted a town council so Cisneros formed a junta (administrative council). |
| José de San Martin | Took command of the patriot army to fight Royalists. Said that independence wouldn't be secure until Peru fell. He then left to conquer Chilé and Peru. |
| Army of the Andes | They invaded Chilé and had Bernardo O'Higgins to create an independent government. The Royalists were defeated and Chilé became independent. |
| Argentine Declaration of Independence | Argentina declared its independence on July 9th, 1816 |
| May 25 | Celebrated as the birth of Argentina as it was the day the first junta was created |
| Manuel Belgrano | Was in the viceroyalty of Río de la Plata. Became a member of its junta when it split from Spain. Defeated Spanish forces at the Tucumán and Salta |
| Battle of Trafalgar | Naval engagement between Britain and Spain. Spain lost and because of this were unable to provide support the citizens of Buenos Aires from the British |
| Cornelio Saavedra | An Argentine General who was the head of a governing council while the revolution was beginning. |
| Ferdinand VII | The Spanish king that was taken prisoner by Napoleon after his invasion of Spain. When his power was reinstated he tried to take back Argentina |
| Joseph Bonaparte | Napoleon's brother who was appointed as king of Spain by Napoleon. |
| May 13th, 1810 | A British frigate came to Montevideo and told the Argentinian people that Spain had been overrun |
| Dr. Mariano Moreno | Considered one of the founding fathers of the Republic of Argentina. Was the secretary of the first junta |
| Charles IV | Was the King of Spain before being forced to abdicate the throne to his son, Ferdinand VII, when Napoleon invaded |
| Buenos Aires | Was a rich ranching land coveted by the British and Spanish. Is the capital of Argentina |
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