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Facial Machines
Chapter 16 - Standard Esthetics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| anaphoresis | process of desincrustation or forcing negative liquids into the tissues from the negative toward the positive pole |
| anaphoresis | process of ionic penetration that is an alkaline, stimulating action |
| electrophoresis | occurs because particles dispersed in a fluid almost always carry an electric surface charge |
| cataphoresis | process of forcing positive, acidic substances into deeper tissues using a galvanic current from the positive toward the negative pole |
| cataphoresis | process of ionic penetration that tightens and calms the skin |
| desincrustation | galvanic current is used to create an alkaline chemical reaction that emulsifies or liquefies sebum and debris |
| electrotherapy | the use of electrical devices for therapeutic benefits |
| galvanic current | a constant and direct current; uses a positive and negative pole to produce chemical reactions and ionic reactions |
| high-frequency machine | apparatus that utilizes alternating or sinusoidal current to produce a mild to strong heat effect |
| high-frequency | is a Telsa current, sometimes called voilet ray |
| Nikola Telsa | United States electrical engineer and inventor (born in Croatia but of Serbian descent) who discovered the principles of alternating currents(1856-1943) |
| ion | an atom or molecule that carries an electrical charge |
| ion | an atom or molecule which has lost or gained one or more electrons, giving it a positive or negative electrical charge |
| ionization | the physical process of converting an atom or molecule into an ion by adding or removing charged particles such as electrons or other ions |
| ionization | the process of separating of a substance into ions |
| iontophoresis | classified use of transdermal drug delivery |
| iontophoresis | process of introducing ions of water-soluble products into the skin using an electric current such as a positive and negative poles of a galvanic machine |
| anode; cathode | the positively charged chamber, termed the _____ will repel a positively charged chemical, while the negatively charged chamber, termed the _____, will repel a negatively charged chemical into the skin |
| Lucas sprayer | atomizer designed to apply plant extracts and other ingredients to the skin |
| rotary brush | machine used to lightly exfoliate and stimulate the skin |
| rotary brush | machine used to help soften excess oil, dirt, and cell buildup |
| saponification | chemical reaction during desincrustation where the current transforms the sebum into soap |
| sinusoidal current | alternating current similar to faradic current |
| sinusoidal current | current that produces mechanical contractions and is used during scalp and facial manipulations |
| spray machine | spray misting device |
| thermolysis | has a heat effect |
| thermolysis | used for permanent hair removal |
| vacuum machine | also suction machine, device that vacuums/suctions the skin to remove impurities and stimulate circulation |
| suction machine | also vacuum machine, device that vacuums/suctions the skin to remove impurities and stimulate circulation |
| Wood's lamp | filtered black light that is used to illuminate skin disorders, fungi, bacterial disorders, and pigmentation |
| anaphoresis | negative pole (cathode); causes an alkaline reaction |
| anaphoresis | negative pole (cathode); softens and relaxes tissue |
| anaphoresis | negative pole (cathode); stimulates nerve endings |
| anaphoresis | negative pole (cathode); increases blood circulation |
| cataphoresis | positive pole (anode); causes an acid reaction |
| cataphoresis | positive pole (anode; tightens the skin |
| cataphoresis | positive pole (anode); calms or soothes nerve endings |
| cataphoresis | positive pole (anode); decreases blood circulation |
| The __________ of a product is also a factor in permeability | molecular weight |
| permeability | a measure of how easily a fluid (e.g., water) can pass through a porous medium (skin) |
| Smaller molecules have a greater _____, while larger molecules _____ into the skin | penetration ability; cannot penetrate |
| If neither a negative nor positive polarity is indicated for an ampoule, as a general rule the esthetician should first use the _____ pole and then the _____ pole. | negative; positive |
| Products that have a slightly acidic pH are considered | positive |
| Products with an alkaline (or base) tendency are considered _____ | negative |
| Producst with an alkaline tendency (negative) are used for? | desincrustation |
| This process allows estheticians to transfer, or penetrate, ions of an applied solution into deeper layers of the skin. | iontophoresis/cataphoresis |
| universal laws of attraction | negative attracts positive and vice versa |
| iontophoresis | creates an exchange of negative and positive ions or charges |
| If a product is positive, the client and esthetician will use... | opposite electrodes |
| An alkaline-based electronegative solution is placed onto the skin's surface to perform | desincrustation |
| When the electrical current interacts with the salts (sodium chloride) in the skin it creates a chemical know as _____ - or lye | sodium hydroxide |
| this function is thought to help reduce the appearance of creases (laugh lines) and improve the overall appearance of the skin | vacuum (suction) |
| What are the two main functions of the vacuum (suction) machine? | 1)remove (suction) dirt and impurities from the skin, and 2) to simulate the dermal layer and blood circulation |
| When using the steamer, steam should be kept _____ inches from the face | 15 to 18 |
| To avoid harming the client's skin, suction should not be used on _____, _____, or _____ skin. | inflamed, rosacea, cuperose |
| What step can be used instead of using the vacuum (suction) machine? | massage |
| Ordinary oxygen in the atmosphere consists of _____ oxygen atoms. | 2 |
| Ozone consists of ______ oxygen atoms and has _____ qualities. | 3; anticeptic |
| Ozone molecules have the power to kill _____ and other _____. | bacteria; microorganisms |
| ozone | a strong oxidizer that creates free radicals |
| Too much steam should not be used on _____ or ____ skin because it _____, causing more redness and irritation. | couperose,inflamed; dialates the capillaries and follicles |
| to avoid damaging or further irritating the skin, do not use brushes or suction devices on | acne, couperose, or inflamed skin |
| a thick corneum layer appears as _____ under the Wood's lamp | white florescence |
| a horny layer of dead skin cells appears as _____ under the Wood's lamp | white spots |
| normal, healthy skin appears as _____ under the Wood's lamp | blue-white |
| dehydrated skin appears as _____ under the Wood's lamp | light violet |
| oily areas of the face/comedones appear as _____ under the Wood's lamp | yellow or sometimes pink |
| pigmentation problems appear as _____ under the Wood's lamp: | brown |
| contraindications for electrotherapy | heart patients, clients with pacemakers, metal implants, preganant clients, clients with epilepsy or seizure disorders, clients who are afraid of electric current, those with open or broken skin. |
| Electrical devices enhance a facial by making it easier to give a _____, _____, and _____ | skin analysis; achieve better product penetration; sanitize the skin |
Created by:
heaneyl
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