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Chapter 22 APWH

Transoceanic Encounters and Global Connections

TermDefinition
James Cook British explorer and navigator who charted the coasts of Australia, New Zealand, and the Hawaiian Islands. Before, he also charted the coast of Newfoundland and then published his writings.
Vitus Bering Danish explorer who explored the Northern Pacific Ocean for the Russians and discovered the Bering Strait. 1681-1741
Ferdinand Magellan Spanish. Set out to sail around the world. Went through the Straits of Magellan. Lost all but one ship and a few men. He named the Pacific Ocean. 1519.
Christopher Columbus Italian. Suggested sailing West, and was granted permission by the leaders of Spain, Isabella and Ferdinand. He was thought to be crazy because the distance to cross was unknown. 1492.
Vasco de Gama Went around the Cape of Good Hope and cut across the Indian Ocean to get spices from India.
Prince Henry Portuguese prince who started a school for sailors and sponsored early voyages of exploration.
Alfonso d'Alboquerque Portuguese naval captain who led a powerful fleet throughout the Indian Ocean and took over many cities with hopes of controlling Indian Ocean trade. 16th Century.
VOC The English East India Company which made huge profits.
Galleons Large square-rigged sailing ships with 3 or more masts.
Reconquista The effort by Christian leaders to drive the Muslims out of Spain, lasting from the 1100's until 1492.
Joint-Stock Companies A company whose stock is owned jointly by the shareholders.
English East India Company An English company formed in 1600 to develop trade with the new British colonies in India and Southeastern Asia.
Columbian Exchange The exchange of goods and ideas between Native Americans and Europeans.
Seven Years' War Worldwide struggle between France and Great Britain for power and control of land.
Volta do mar A sailing technique discovered in successfully returning from the Atlantic Islands, where the pilot first had to sail far to the West, in order to catch usable following winds, and return to Europe.
Created by: alaina.jones
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