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Med Term Chapter 3
Dooley's Med Term Chapter 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| hematopoietic | pertaining to the formation of blood cells |
| cartilage | shock absorber between bones/more elastic than bone |
| meniscus | curved cartilage found in some joints |
| diaphysis | shaft of a long bone |
| epiphysis | wide end of a bone |
| foramen | opening in bone through which vessels, nerves, ligaments pass |
| process | normal projection on the surface of a bone |
| articulation | joint |
| joint | connection between bones |
| articulate | join or come together in a manner that allows motion between parts |
| suture | jagged line where bones join & form a joint that does not move |
| fontanel | where sutures in skull do not close in babies |
| symphysis | type of joint where two bones join and are held in place by cartilage |
| synovial joint | moveable joint |
| ball & socket | type of joint found at the hip, shoulder |
| hinge joint | type of joint found at the elbow |
| ligaments | join bone to bone |
| tendons | join muscle to bone |
| synovial fluid | type of fluid that lubricates the joints |
| bursa | fibrous sac that lines the joints that acts as a cushion |
| axila skeleton | protects majour organs of the body |
| appendicular skeleton | made up of upper and lower extremities |
| extremities | shoulders, arms, hands, hips, legs, feet |
| cranium | skull/encloses the brain |
| auditory | pertaining to hearing |
| auditory ossicles | tiny bones of the middle ear |
| thoracic | pertains to the chest |
| costals | ribs |
| mandible | bone of the lower jaw |
| maxilla | bone of the upper jaw |
| sternum | breast bone |
| clavicle | collar bone |
| scapula | shoulder blade |
| olecranon process | large projection at the elbow/funny bone |
| coccyx | tailbone |
| femur | thigh bone |
| patella | kneecap |
| tibia | skinbone |
| phalanges | fingers and toes |
| malleolus | anklebone |
| arthr/o | pertaining to a joint |
| arthralgia | joint pain |
| bursa | fibrous sac that cushions a joint |
| bursitis | inflammation of the fibrous sac that cushion a joint |
| chondr/o | joint |
| chondroma | tumor of cartilage |
| chondromalacia | abnormal softening of cartilage |
| hallux valus | bunion/abnormal enlargement of the joint at the great toe |
| synovitis | inflammation of the synovial membrane |
| luxation | dislocation |
| arthr/o | refers to a joint |
| bone | form of connective tissue/one of hardest tissue within the body |
| myel/o | bone marrow/spinal cord |
| marrow | manufactures red blood cells/located in central portion of bone |
| periosteum | tough, fibrous covering of the bone |
| compact bone | hard, dense, very strong tissue that forms outer layer of bone |
| spongy bone | lighter that compact bone/red marrow located here |
| medularry cavity | central shaft of a bone that holds yellow marrow (fat) |
| meniscus | curved fibrous cartilage that cushions the knee joints and the TMJ |
| orthotics | orthopedic appliances that are designed to to improve the function of movable parts/ex: splints, braces |
| osteopathy | any bone disease |
| ankylosis | form of connective tissue/one of hardest tissue within the body |
| myel/o | bone marrow/spinal cord |
| marrow | stiffness in a joint esp. in elderly/abnormal hardening of a joint |
| periosteum | tough, fibrous covering of the bone |
| chondroma | hard, dense, very strong tissue that forms outer layer of bone |
| spongy bone | lighter that compact bone/red marrow located here |
| medularry cavity | central shaft of a bone that holds yeallow marrow (fat) |
| meniscus | curved fibrous cartilage that cushions the knee joints and the TMJ |
| orthopedic appliances such as a brace, splint that correct deformaties | |
| exostosis | benign growth on the surface of a bone |
| oateoarthritis | AKA wear and tear arthritis; inflammation of a joint; common in older population |
| gout | type of arthritis caused by formation of uric acid crystals in the joint |
| rheumatoid arthritis | autoimmune disorder; usually more severe that osteoarthritis; synovial membranes are inflammed and become painful and immobile |
| ankylosing spondilitis | progressive stiffening of the spine caused by fusion of the vertebrae |
| lumbago | pain in the lumbar spine |
| spondylitis | inflammation of the vertebrae |
| spondylosis | any degenerative disease of the vertebrae |
| spina bifida | congenital defect; occurs early pregnancy; spinal canal fails to close and cover the spinal cord |
| kyphosis | abn. increase in the outward curve of the thoracic spine; AKA "humpback" or "dowager's hump" |
| lordosis | abn. increase in the forward curvature of the lumbar spine/ AKA "swayback" |
| scoliosis | abnormal lateral curvature of the spine |
| ostealgia | bone pain |
| osteitis | inflammation of bone |
| osteomyelitis | imflammation of bone and bone marrow |
| rickets | deformity caused by deficient calcium and vitamin D in early childhood; results in demineralized bones |
| talipes | congenital deformity in which the foot may be turned inward or outward/ AKA 'clubfoot' |
| Ewing's sarcoma | malignant tumor of connective tissue usually occuring in children or adolescents |
| myeloma | malignant tumor of the blood forming tissue of the bone marrow |
| osteoporosis | marked loss of bone density and increase in bone porosity frequentlly associated with aging |
| compression fractue | occur when one or more vertibrae become so weak they collapse spontaneously or with minimal stress/cause of dowager's hump |
| Colle's fracture | AKA fractured wrist; fracture of lower end of radius from attempting to break a fall |
| osteoporotic hip fracture | broken hip due to weakened bone from osteoporosis/can be from stress or spontaneous |
| fracture | a broken bone |
| greenstick fracture | common in children whose bones are more flexible/bone has been bent and is not broken all the way through |
| compound fracture | severe fracture with broken bone end protruding through the skin |
| comminuted fracture | sone is broken and has splintered or crushed bone splinters |
| compression fracture | bone has pressed together onto itself |
| stress fracture | small crack in bone that developes from chronic, excessive impact |
| crepitus | crackling sensation felt and heard when ends of broken bone move together |
| arthrocentesis | surgical puncture into a joint space for the purpose of removing accumulated synovial fluid for diagnostic analysis |
| arthroscopy | visual exam of the internal structure of a joint using an arthroscope |
| bone density test | diagnostic test that measure density of bone/helps diagnose osteoporosis, osteomalacia |
| bone marrow biopsy | diagnostic test to determine why blood cells are abnormal/ performed by inserting a large needle into the sternum or ilium to remove bone marrow cells |
| bone scan | radiographic test that uses nuclear medicine to detect bone cancer, osteomyelitis, or stress fracture |
| radiographs | AKA plain film xrays/ used to visualize fractured bones |
| NSAIDS | nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs/given to reduce pain and swelling & inflammation/ aspirin & ibuprophen are NSAIDs |
| acetaminophen | AKA Tylenol/ OTC drug used to treat pain/ does not have th ability to reduce swelling or inflammation |
| bone marrow transplant | AKA stem cell transplant/ used for treatment of cancers that affect bone marrow i.e. leukemias & lymphomas/pts bone marrow is destroyed then replaced with that of a donor |
| autologous transplant | patients own marrow is harvested and used for the transplant |
| allogenic transplant | BMT from a donor who has |
Created by:
dgdooley
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