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integumentary system
skin info
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| two parts of epidermis | germinativum and stratrum corneum |
| makes new skin cells to replace old ones | germinativum (stratum basale) |
| outermost/top layer that sheds constantly | stratrum corneum |
| tough, leathery fibrous connective tissue, only part vascularized | dermis (corium/true skin) |
| superficial fascia; mostly fat (insulates and absorbs shock) anchors skin to underlying structures | subcutaneous (hypodermis) |
| barrier to suns UV rays, invasions of pathogens, holds moisture in and prevents deeper tissue dryness | protection |
| sensory responds to pain, pressure, temp (hot/cold) & touch | sensory protection |
| blood vessels help retain or lose heat | body temperature regulation |
| (get larger) excess heat escapes through skin | dialate |
| (get smaller) heat is retained in body | constrict |
| help cool body through evaporation of perspiration | sudorferous glands |
| tissues for temporary storage of fat, glucose, water, vitamins, and salts | storage |
| located in subcutaneous fascia is source of energy | adipose tissue |
| certain substances can be absorbed through skin | absorbtion |
| skin medications | transdermals |
| skin helps body eliminate salt, waste, excess water, and heat w/ perspiration | excretion |
| vitamin D that matures in liver | production |
| needs uv rays to form | vitamin D |
| keratinized/dead epidermal cells that grow under the lunula(white protion) of nail bed | nail |
| made of keratin | hair |
| permanent hair lose | alopecia |
| hair grows from hollow tube called | follicle |
| protects from the skin | hair shaft |
| embedded in the skin; shape determines whether hair is straight or curly | root |
| melanin | brown/black |
| carotene | red/yellow |
| sweat glands; purpose is temperature regulation | sudoriferous glands |
| type of apocrine gland, located under the ear, secrets ear wax(cerumen) | ceruminous glands |
| oil glands; located all over the body except for palms and soles of feet; secrets sebum, oily substances; function:keeps hair and skin from becoming dry and brittle, slows water loss during dry weather | subaceous glands |
| skin color | pigmentation |
| absence of color pigment | albino |
| reddish color caused by burns, congestion of blood vessels | erythema |
| yellow discoloration caused by bile in blood as a result of liver or gallbladder ds | jaundice |
| bluish skin caused by insufficient oxygen | cyanosis |
| flat spots;freckles | macules |
| firm raised;pimples | papules |
| blisters;fluid filled; chicken pox | vesicles |
| pus filled;acne | pustules |
| dried pus/blood;scabs | crusts |
| itchy elevated w/ irregular shapes;insect bites/hives | wheals |
| deep loss of skin surface | ulcer |
| inflammation of the sebaceous glands, occurs in adolescence | acne culgaris |
| contagious fungal infection; itchy blisters crack and sores on feet, tx:antifungals | athletes foot |
| grows slowly, basal cells in epidermis, pink-yellow lesions | basal cell carcinoma |
| cancer that spreads quickly | squamous cell carcinoma |
| most danger skin cancer, forms black sores | melanoma |
| causes:tanning bed, irritating chemicals, and radiation treatment:surgical removal, radiation, chemotherapy | skin cancer |
| inflammation of skin, caused by allergic reactions, poison ivy. sx: dry skin, erythema, itching, edema. tx:anti-inflammatory ointments | dermatitis |
| noncontagious inflammatory ds caused by an allergic reaction, diet, cosmetics, soaps, and medications. sx: dryness, erythema, edema. tx: removing irriatant, corticosteroids | eczema |
| highly contagious skin infection caused by strep and staph organisms. sx: erythema, ozzing vesicles, pustles. tx: wash w/ soap and water, antibiotics | impetigo |
| chronic, noncontagious skin ds w/ periods of exacerbation(sx present) and remission(sx decrease) hereditary. sx: thick, red areas covered w/ white-silver scales. tx: coal/tar, cortisone cream, ultraviolet light, scale removal | psoriasis |
| highly contagious fungal infections. sx: formation of a flat or raised circular area w/ clear central area surrounded by itchy, scaly crusty ring. tx: antifungals | ringworm |
| wart caused by viral infection. sx: rough, hard, elevated, rounded, surface forms on the skin. tx: electricity, liquid nitrogen, acid, chemicals, laser | verracae |
Created by:
emilyford
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