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Unit 2 Mid Term Test
Unit 2: Emergence of Modern World
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How did the Renaissance signal a rebirth of Classical Culture? | |
| How did the Protestant Reformation alter the course of Christianity? | |
| How did the Ottomans and Safavid empires successfully expand their empires and spread Islamic culture? | |
| How did the Age of Exploration affect people in society and how they behaved in relation to other groups and their environment? | |
| How and why did absolutism develop in the 17th and 18th centuries? | |
| What was the name of the disease that killed a lot of people in the Renaissance Period | Black Death |
| What is the meaning of Renaissance | New Birth or Rebirth |
| The Renaissance Period refers to intellectual movement involving new enthusiasm for | Classical Literature (writings of Greek and Romans) Learning & Art |
| Meaning "rebirth" the Renaissance refers to a discovery of learning and knowledge from what two ancient sources? | Greece & Rome |
| The spirit of the Renaissance was very secular, meaning what? | focused away from religion and more on worldly things of the here and now |
| The Renaissance was largely due to expanded trade and the stability of the European economy. Which medieval event helped cause this? | Crusades |
| What three main groups of people financed (paid for) the art and education of the Renaissance period? | Popes, Merchants, & Bankers |
| Why did the Renaissance begin in Italy? | Italy was a large urban society with established industries and trade. These city states were a dominant force in the economic, social, and political life. |
| The Break from the Catholic Church and the birth of Lutheranism was called | The Reformation |
| What Philosopher combined the ideas of Christianity and Humanism | Erasmus |
| What writer expressed Humanistic topics in plays | Shakespeare |
| What was the key intellectual movement of the Renaissance | Humanism |
| What was the Protestant Reformation | a movement beginning in the 1500s to reform the Roman Catholic Church, which led to a split of the church between Catholics and Protestants |
| Who was Martin Luther | critic of the Roman Catholic Church whose theses sparked discussion about its practices and beliefs and to the founding of Lutheranism He condemned the sale of indulgences, which he did not believe had any power to forgive sin. |
| What caused the spread of the Renaissance Northward to Europe | |
| What are some of the technical Advancements of the Renaissance | |
| Who were the early reformers of the Protestant Reformation | |
| What was the 95 Theses | Writing of Martin Luther against the practices of the catholic church. One of the biggest was the he said the selling of indulgences was sinful. |
| What is Indulgences | exchange of money for forgiveness of sin. Indulgences were pardons issued by the pope to reduce the time a soul spent in purgatory |
| What is the meaning of Annulled | declared invalid based on church laws |
| What conditions led to the Protestant Reformation | The movement was against the financial corruption, abuse of power, and immortality in the Catholic Church. Also, people began to feel loyalty to their nation over the church. |
| How did early reformers want to change the church? | hey wanted the church to give up its earthly possessions. They wanted to church to stop the practices of selling indulgences. They wanted to reduce the power of the pope. |
| Who was Martin Luther and what were some of his ideas about reform? | Martin Luther was a German monk. He believed that faith only, not good works, could get someone into heaven. He believed Jesus, not the pope, was the head of the church. |
| Who was Henry the VIII | King of England who broke with the catholic church in order to divorce his wife |
| What led to Henry VIII’s break with the Catholic Church? | The pope would not give him an annulment. |
| What were the religious and social effects of the Counter-Reformation? | The Counter-Reformation helped the Catholic Church grow. The scope of the church expanded as the Jesuits opened universities. After the Counter Reformation there were clear differences between Catholics and Protestants. |
| What was the Counter Reformation | The Catholic Church trying to change and stop some of the abuse in the church |
| What was the Spanish Inquisition | When Spain tried to purify the country on non-Catholics such as Jews and Muslims |
| What was the impact of the Protestant Reformation. | 1. Many people left the Catholic Church. 2. Large sections of Europe was Protestant 3. The Catholic Church and the leadership lost some power and authority |
| Who was John Calvin | important Protestant reformer whose writings became the basis of Calvinism |
| Who was Elizabeth I | daughter of Henry VIII and queen who firmly established England as Protestant |
| Two early challengers of the church were | John Wycliffe and Jan Hus |
| Who translated the Bible into German | Martin Luthe |
| Where does the word Protestant comes from | Lutherans issued a "protest" when Emperor Charles V tried to suppress Lutheranism |
| Who founded a church in Switzerland which had theocracy at its base | Ulrich Zwingli |
| Who were the Safavid's | Shi'ite state in Persia (modern day Iran) |
| What are the two main branches of Islam | Sunni and Shi'ite |
| What is the primary difference between Sunni and Shi'ite | Shi'ite believe that leadership is hereditary (related) to Mohammad |
| What are Shahs | Safavid rulers |
| What is Cultural Blending | Mixing of different cultures |
| What was the origin of the Ottoman Empire | ribe of Turkish nomads who migrated from central Asia |
| What was the major advantage of the Ottoman Empire | Efficient bureaucracy, trade |
| What were the rulers called in the Ottoman Empire | Sultans |
| What are mercenaries | Soldiers who sell themselves to the highest bidder |
| Who was Leonardo Da Vinci | talian painter, sculptor, architect |
| What was one of the most significant technical development in the Renaissance | The Gutenberg Printing Press |
| What is absolutism | When monarchs have absolute power |
| 1492: Conquest of Paradise | |
| Columbus Primary Source Analysis | |
| What are the origins of Absolutism in Europe | Monarchs believed in Devine right...meaning that monarchs receive there power from god |
| What were key motives for Europeans during the Age of Exploration | 1. Find new trade routes to Asia 2. New Knowledge and Fame 3. Spread Christianity |
| What was so important about Asia | they had spices to help the taste of food |
| Which motivations was the strongest for Europeans to explore | Trade with Asia because Muslims and Italians controlled the trade routes. |
| What key advances in knowledge and technology allowed Europeans to explore | 1. Cartography which is the art and science of maps 2. Improved Ship design 3. The compass 4. Advanced weapons like the canon |
| Which advancement was the most important in the age of exploration | Maps because it made navigation easier |
| Who create maps using longitude and latitude | Gerardus Mercator |
| What is a Caravel | Small ships that fast and easy to maneuver. |
Created by:
BKGoode
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