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Chapter 4
First Age of Empires
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Hyksos | A group of nomadic invaders from Southwest Asia who ruled Egypt from 1640 to 1570 BC |
| New Kingdom | The period of ancient Egyptian history that followed the overthrow of Hysksos rulers, lasting from about 1570 to 1075 BC |
| Hatshepsut | Egyptian pharaoh that encouraged trade instead of war |
| Thutmose III | Warlike pharaoh, gained land in Nubia |
| Nubia | Region of Africa that straddled the upper Nile river |
| Ramses II | Pharaoh who made treaty with Hittites and gained peace |
| Kush | An ancient Nubian kingdom whose rulers controlled Egypt between 2000 and 1000 BC |
| Piankhi | Kushite king who overthrew the Libyan dynasty that had ruled Egypt for over 200 years. |
| Meroe | Center of the Kush dynasty from about 250 BC to 150 AD; Known for its manufacture of iron weapons and tools |
| Assyria | a southwest Asian kingdom that controlled a large empire from about 850 to 612 BC |
| Sennacherib | Assyrian king bragged that he had destroyed 89 cities and 820 villages, burned Babylon, and order most of it's inhabitants killed |
| Niveveh | Assyria's capitol city, along the Tigris river |
| Ashurbanipal | Assyrian king, collected more than 20,000 clay tablets from throughout the Fertile Crescent |
| Medes and Chaldeans | Southwest Asian people who helped to destroy the Assyrian empire |
| Nebuchadnezzar | A Chaldean king who restored Babylon |
| Cyrus | Persian king who conquered several neighboring kingdoms |
| Cambyses | Cyrus' son, expanded the Persian empire by conquering Egypt |
| Darius | Cambyses's successor, established a well-organized and efficient administration |
| satrap | A governor of a province in the Persian empire |
| Royal road | A road in the Persian empire, stretching over 1,600 miles from Susa in Persia to Sardis in Anatolia |
| Zoroaster | Persian prophet who believed there is a battle between good and evil and everyone has a part |
| Confucius | Chinese scholar with a deep desire to restore order and moral living of earlier times to his society |
| Filial piety | Respect for their parents and ancestors |
| Bureaucracy | A system of departments and agencies formed to carry out the work of government |
| Daoism | A philosophy based on the ideas of Laozi, who taught the people should be guided by a universal force called the Dao (way) |
| Legalism | A Chinese political philosophy based on the idea that a highly efficient and powerful government is the key to social order |
| I ching | A Chinese book of oracles, consulted to answer ethical and practical problems |
| ying and yang | In Chinese thought, the two powers that govern the natural rhythms of life |
| Qin dynasty | A short-lived Chinese dynasty that replaced the Zhou dynasty in the third century BC |
| Shi Huangdi | An emperor that unified china and drove out foreign invaders |
| Autocracy | A government that has unlimited power and uses it in an arbitrary manner |
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tj03tayl
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