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Chapter 2

Early River Valley Civilizations

TermDefinition
Fertile Crescent The arc of rich farmland in Southwest Asia between the Persian Gulf and Mediterranean Sea
Mesopotamia Also known as the "land between the rivers"
City-State A city and its surrounding land that operate as an independent political unit
Dynasty A series of rulers from a single family
Cultural diffusion The process in which a new idea or product spreads from one culture to another
Polytheism Belief in more than one god
Empire Political unit where a number of people or countries are controlled by a single ruler
Hammurabi Babylonian king that created a series of laws that were prominently displayed
Delta Marshy region formed by deposits of silt at the mouth of a river
Narmer Egyptian pharaoh that united Upper and Lower Egypt
Pharaohs Egyptian god-kings
Theocracy Type of government in which rule is based on religious authority
Pyramid Massive structure used as the resting place of pharaohs after their death
Mummification Process of preserving bodies after death
Hieroglyphics Egyptian system of writing based on pictures
Papyrus Reed that grows in the Nile River that was used to make paper
Subcontinent A large landmass that forms a distinct part of a continent
Monsoon Seasonal winds that dominate India's climate
Harappan Civilization Another name of the Indus River Valley civilization
Harappan Planning Laying out city in a grid structure
Loess Fertile deposit of windblown silt
Family This is one of the most important aspects of ancient Chinese culture
Mandate of Heaven Divine approval to rule
Dynastic Cycle The pattern of rise, decline, and replacement of dynasties
Feudalism Political system in which nobles, are granted the use of lands that belong to the king in return for loyalty and service to the king
Created by: tj03tayl
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