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Chapter 6
Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Geocentric Theory | Earth-centered view of the universe. |
| Scientific Revolution | A new way of thinking about the natural world. |
| Heliocentric Theory | The idea that the earth and the other planets revolve around the sun. |
| Galileo Galilei | He built his own telescope. |
| Scientific Method | A logical procedure for gathering information about the natural world, in which experimentation and observation are used to test hypotheses. |
| Isaac Newton | He discovered gravity and other laws of physics. |
| Enlightenment | European movement in which thinkers attempted to apply the principles of reason and the scientific method to all aspects of society. |
| Social Contract | Agreement by which people created a government. |
| John Locke | Held a different, more positive, view of human nature. |
| Philosophe | The social critics of this period in France |
| Voltaire | He published more than 70 books of political essays, philosopy, and drama. |
| Montesquieu | French writer who devoted himself to the study of political liberty. |
| Rousseau | Permission to rule. |
| Mary Wollstonecraft | Women's rights. |
| Salon | Spread the ideas. |
| Baroque | Too much |
| Neoclassical | New classical of Greek/Roman style |
| Enlightened Despot | Monarchs, encouraged to rule fairly. No democracy |
| Catherine the Great | Reform the legal system. |
| Declaration of Independence | Life, Liberty, and Pursuit of happiness. |
| Thomas Jefferson | Life, Liberty, and Property. |
| Checks and Balances | Influence by which an organization is regulated. |
| Federal System | Federal government shares power with the states. |
| Bill of Rights | Protect individual freedoms, based on Enlightenment ideas. |