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Chapter 14. Vocab

Spread of Chinese civilization: Japan, Korea and Vietnam

TermDefinition
Taika reforms Attempt to remake Japanese monarch into an absolute Chinese-style emperor; included attempts to create professional bureaucracy and pesant conscript army
Tale of Genji, The Written by Lady Murasaki; first novel in any language relates life history of prominent and amorous son of the Japanese emperor; evidence of mannered style of Japanese society
Fujiwara Japanese aristocratic family in mid-9th century; exercised exceptional influence over imperial affairs; aided in decline of imperial power
Bushi Regional warrior leaders in Japan; ruled small kingdoms from fortress; administered the law supervised public works projects, and collected revenues; built up private armies
Samurai Mounted troops of Japanese warrior leaders (bushi) loyal to local lords, not the emperor
Seppuku Ritual suicide or disembowelment in Japan; commonly known in West as hara-kiri; demonstrated courage and means to restore family honor
Taira Powerful Japanese family in 11th and 12th centuries; competed with Minamoto family; defeated after Gempei wars.
Minamoto Defeated the rival Taira family in Gempei wars and established military government (bakufu) in 12th-century Japan
Gempei Wars Waged for five years from 1180, on Honshu between Taira and Minamoto families; resulted in destruction of Taira
Bakufu Military government established by the Minamoto following the Gampei Wars; centered at Kamakura; retained emperor, but real power resided in military government and samurai
Shoguns Military leaders of the bakufu (military govornments in Japan)
Hojo Warrior families closely allied with Minamoto; dominated Kamakura regime and manipulated Minamoto rulers who claimed to rule in name of Japanese emperor at Kyoyo
Ashikaga Takuaji Member of the Mitamoto family; overthrew then Kamakura regime and established the Ashikaga Shogunate from 1336-1573; drove emperor from Kyoyo to Yoshino
Ashikaga Shogunate Replaced the Kamakura regime in Japan; ruled from 1336 to 1573; destroyed rival Yoshino center of imperial authority
Daimyos Warlord rulers of 300 small states following civil war and distribution of Ashikaga Shogunate; holdings consolodated into unified and bounded mini-states,.
Choson Earliest Korean kingdom; conquered by Han armies in 109 B.C.E.
Koguryo Tribal people of northern Korea; established an independent kingdom in the northern half of the peninsula in 37 B.C.E; began a process of Sinification
Silla Independent Korean kingdom in southern part of peninsula; defeated Koguryo along with their Chinese Tang allies; submitteed as a vassal of the Tang emperor and agreed to tribute payment; ruled united Korea by 668
Paekche Independent Korean kingdom in southwestern part of peninsula; defeated by rival Silla kingdom and its Chinese Tang allies in 7th century
Sinification Extensive adoption of Chinese culture in other regions; typical of Korea, Japan, and Vietnam
Yi Korean dynasty that succeeded Koryo dynasty following period of Mongol invasions; established in 1392; ruled Korea to 1910; restored aristocracy dominance and Chinese influenced
Khmers Indianian rivals of the Vietnamese; moved into Mekong River delta region at time of Vietnamese drive to the souh
Trung sisters Leaders of one of the frequent peasant rebellions in Vietnam against Chinese rule; revolt broke out in 39 C.E; demonstrated importance of Vietnamese women in indigenous society
Chams Indianian rivals of the Vietnamese; driven into the highlands by the successful Vietnamese drive to the South
Nguyen Rival Vietnamese dynasty that arose in southern Vietnam to challenge traditional dynasty of Trinh in north at Hanoi; kingdom centered on Red and Mekong rivers; capital at Hue
Trinh Dynasty that ruled in north Vietnam at Hanoi; 1533 to 1772; rivals of Nguyen family in south
Created by: taylor_sweet
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