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Islam and Arab Empir

JAHKMLHS C9 Islam and the Arab Empire

TermDefinition
sheikh This person chosen from one of the leading families by a council of elders ruled a tribe.
Quran This name refers to the holy book of Islam.
Muslim This person would be a follower of Islam.
Bedouin This person is a nomadic Arab who lives in the Arabian, Syrian, or North African deserts.
Five Pillars of Islam These are the acts of worship of Islam consisting of belief, prayer, charity, fasting, and pilgrimage.
shari’ah This is a law code that provides believers with a set of practical laws to regulate their daily lives; there is no separation of religious matters from civil or political law.
Allah This is the name of the supreme god of Islam.
Hijrah (Hejira) This term refers to the journey which Muhammad and some of his followers undertook in 622 to move away from persecutions in Makkah.
hajj This is the pilgrimage to Makkah which all followers are strongly encouraged to make once in a lifetime.
Yathrib This is the city to which Muhammad and his followers traveled after leaving Makkah.
caliph This person would be a spiritual leader of Islam claiming succession from Muhammad.
Shia This is an Islamic group which accepts only the descendants of Ali as the true rulers of Islam.
vizier This prime minister heads a council which advises the caliph.
caliphate This is a form of Islamic government led by a person considered a political and religious successor to the Islamic prophet, Muhammad.
jihad This is a holy war waged on behalf of Islam as a religious duty to defend or spread their beliefs.
Sunni This is an Islamic group follows the orthodox tradition and accept only the descendants of the Umayyads as the true rulers of Islam.
sultan This person, the “holder of power,” is the military and political head of state under the Seljuk Turks and the Ottomans.
bazaar This is a covered market place in Islamic cities.
astrolabe This is an instrument used by sailors to determine their location by observing the position of the stars.
minaret This is the tower of a mosque from which the crier calls the faithful to prayer five times a day.
dowry This is a gift of money or property paid at the time of marriage either by the bride’s parents to her husband or by a husband to his wife.
arabesques These are geometric patterns repeated over and over to completely cover a surface with decorations.
muezzin This person is the crier who calls the faithful followers of Islam to prayer.
Omar Kayyám This man composed poetry orally. The poetry was recorded by friends or scribes. His most famous is the Rubáiyat which is a title given to the work by the translator.
Created by: jim.haferman
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