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Ancient Greece
Standards 6-2.1 & 6-2.2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Describe the geography of Greece. | Rocky and mountainous Mainland is a peninsula Many islands A few small valleys and coastal plains; very little farmland |
| Where did early Greeks create settlements? | Along the coasts and in river valleys |
| Describe life during the early Greek settlements. | Communities were isolated Each community had its own government and own way of life All communities spoke the same language Each community considered itself its own country |
| How did the sea impact Greek life? | The sea provided a source for food and trading; Greeks traded food and ideas; Greeks were skilled shipbuilders and sailors |
| Democracy | A type of government in which people rule themselves |
| Where does "democracy" come from? | Comes from Greek words meaning "rule of the people" |
| Aristocrats | Rich landowners |
| Oligarchy | A government in which only a few people have power |
| Citizens | People who have the right to participate in government |
| Assembly | Gathering of citizens to create laws |
| Describe democracy under Cleisthenes. | All citizens had a right to participate in the assembly Every citizen had the right to speak their opinion Number of people who voted in the assembly changed day to day Athenians elected city officials that decided which laws to vote on |
| Describe Direct Democracy. | Athens All citizens met to debate and vote on issues No separation of powers Only free male citizens could vote |
| Describe Representative Democracy. | United States Citizens elect representatives to debate and vote on issues Separation of powers Men and women who are citizens can vote |
| Polis | City-state; fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece |
| Monarchy | A government in which only one person holds power (King or Queen) |
| Agora | Marketplace |
| Acropolis | Fortified hilltop |
| Mythology | A body of stories about gods and heroes that try to explain how the world works |
| What did myths attempt to explain? | Natural and historical events |
| Who was Homer? | Blind storyteller Responsible for writing the Illiad and the Odyssey |
| Fables | Short stories that teach the reader lessons about life or give advice on how to live |
| Who was Aesop? | Most famous person who wrote fables |
| Who was Philip II of Macedonia? | Brilliant military strategist Used the phalanx Conquered all of Greece Father of Alexander |
| Phalanx | Group of warriors who stood close together in a square |
| Describe Alexander the Great's conquests. | Was 20 when he began Conquers parts of Africa, Asia, Europe, and India (most of the known world at the time) |
| How did Alexander help spread Greek culture? | Modeled cities after Greek cities Built temples and theaters to the Greek gods Settlers to new cities spoke Greek |
| Hellenistic | Greek-like |
| Why did Alexander's empire collapse? | When Alexander died, he did not name a successor or heir |
| Socratic Method | Learning through questioning |
| Socrates | First of the Greek philosophers; concerned with "arete" which is goodness; believed in an absolute right and wrong |
| Plato | Prized student of Socrates; established The Academy; wrote The Republic which laid out his idea of a perfect government, in which philosopher-kings should rule society |
| Aristotle | Student at The Academy; tutored Alexander the Great; built The Lyceum; taught the idea of the "golden mean" where people should do nothing in excess; also helped advance science through observations |
Created by:
NYongue
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