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Chapter 6 America
Early American Societies
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| When did humans start migrating to North America? | Circa 13,000 B.C.E |
| When did agriculture start emerging in Mesoamerica? | Circa 8000-7000 B.C.E |
| When was Maize first cultivated? | Circa 4000 B.C.E |
| When was agriculture used in South America? | Circa 3000 B.C.E |
| When did the Olmec society emerge and end? | Circa 1200-100 B.C.E |
| When was the Chavin cult around? | Circa 1000-300 B.C.E |
| When did the Teotihuacan society emerge and end? | Circa 200 B.C.E- 750 C.E |
| When did the Mayan society emerge and end? | Circa 300-1100 C.E |
| When did the Mochica society emerge and end? | Circa 300-700 C.E |
| When did humans start to migrate to modern day Australia? | Circa 60,000 B.C.E |
| When did agriculture emerge in these areas? | Circa 3000 B.C.E |
| When did the Autronesians start migrating to New Guinea | Circa 3000 B.C.E |
| When did the Lapita society start and end? | Circa 1500-500 B.C.E |
| When did the migrations to the Pacific Islands commence and end? | Circa 1500 B.C.E-700 C.E |
| How did Olmecan rulers show power? | By building huge pyramids in their name |
| What did the Olmecs use for trade? | Traded Jade and Obsidian |
| What evidence of religion do we have for the Olmecs? | Ceremonial centers built before the second millennium |
| What does this tell us of their possible governmental organization? | Heavily based on religion (Theology) |
| What area did the Olmecs emerge in? | The Gulf of Mexico |
| What happened when the decline of the Olmecs begun? | During their decline, their ceremonial centers were systematically destroyed by 400 B.C.E |
| What influences did the Olmecs leave for future societies? | Maize, ceremonial centers, calendar, human sacrifice, ball game |
| Where did the Mayans reside? | In the highlands of modern day Guatemala |
| What social stratification did the mayans use? | Priests were main, warriors had prestige, and captives of warfare where slaves |
| What happened for the Mayans to decline? | The mayans started leaving their cities |
| What is Mesoamerica? | A region of the americas that extends from approximately central Mexico to Nicaragua |
| What is the definition of a civilization? | an advanced state of human society, in which a high level of culture, science, industry, and government has been reached. |
| What is a mother culture? | A mother culture is a term for an earlier people's culture that has great and widespread influence on some later cultures and people. |
| What is a glyph? | a hieroglyphic character or symbol; a pictographWhat |
| What is an Archeologist? | a specialist in archaeology, the scientific study of prehistoric peoples and their cultures by analysis of their artifacts, inscriptions, monuments, etc. |
| What is a causeway? | a raised road or path, as across low or wet ground. |
| what are "Chinampas"? | a long and narrow floating field on a shallow lake bed, artificially built up by layering soil, sediment, and decaying vegetation and used, especially by the Aztecs, to grow crops. |
| What is a "Conquistador"? | one of the Spanish conquerors of Mexico and Peru in the 16th century. |
| Why was the sacrificial ball game important to these cultures? | it was a way of sport, gamble, and had religious value |
| What religious value did the ball game had? | The losing team would be sacrificed. Sacrifice was a way to keep the gods happy with their culture and they would bring good fortune to them. |
| Who took over right after the Mayas? | The Teotihuacan Society. |
| What is the most important thing for the Teotihuacan society? | Religion |
| What is proof of this claim? | Wall carvings show how priests were the most important people, they built pyramids for their gods, and sacrifice |
| How was the Teotihuacan society stratified? | The top were priest and rulers, followed by the artisans and merchants, and then farmhands and slaves. |
| What about any governmental policies for this society? | No signs of military organization or conquest, most likely depended on their religion(Theocracy) |
| When was South America first reached? | Circa 12,000 B.C.E |