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AXIAL SKELETON
cranial and facial bones
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Bone Projections for Muscle and Ligament Attachment; raised area on or above a condyle | Epicondyle |
| Projections That Help to Form Joints | condyle, ramus, facet, head |
| armlike bar of bone | ramus |
| rounded articular projection | condyle |
| smooth nearly flat articular surface | facet |
| bony expansion carried on a narrow neck | head |
| depressions and openings allowing blood vessels and nerves to pass | meatus, sinus, fossa, groove, fissure, foramen |
| canal like passageway | meatus |
| cavity within a bone filled with air and lined with mucous membrane | sinus |
| furrow | groove |
| narrow slitlike opening | fissure |
| round or oval opening through a bone | foramen |
| formed by the cranium and facial bones | skull |
| protects the brain and is the site of attachment for head and neck muscles | cranium |
| calvaria (superior, lateral, posterior, and forhead region) | vault |
| 8 cranial bones | 2 parietal, 2 temporal, frontal, occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid |
| forms forhead, superior part of orbits and anterior cranial fossa, contains sinuses | frontal bone |
| articulates posteriorly with parietal bones via the coronal suture | frontal bone |
| major markings include supraorbital margins with a supraorbital foramen (contains supraorbital nerve and artery which supply the forhead. internally contributes to the anterior cranial fossa | frontal bone |
| makes up bulk of cranial vault | parietal bone |
| articulation b/w parietal and frontal | coronal suture |
| right and left parietal bones meet | sagittal suture |
| parietal bone meets the occipital bone posteriorly | lambdoid suture |
| parietal and temporal bones meet | squamosal suture |
| also known as wormian bones | sutural bones |
| forms most of the skull's posterior wall and most of the posterior base of the skull | occipital bone |
| major markings include occipital condyles (articulates with the first vertebrae) | occipital bone |
| bony protuberances which serve as sites of muscle attachment | nuchal line |
| major markings include foramen magnum, and hypoglossal canal | occipital bone |
| opening for spinal cord to join with brain | foramen magnum |
| forms hard palate | maxilla and palatine bone |
| lie inferior to parietal bones, form the inferolateral portion of the skull | temporal bone |
| specific regions include squamous, temporal, petrous, and mastoid regions | temporal bone |
| major markings include zygomatic process, styloid process, external acoustic meatus, stylomastoid foramen, carotid canal, mastoid process and mandibular fossa | temporal bone |
| external acoustic meatus located in | temporal |
| carotoid canal located in | temporal |
| mandibular fossa located in | temporal |
| houses stylomastoid foramen | temporal |
| zygomatic process located in | temporal |
| major openings for jugular foramen, and internal acoustic meatus | temporal |
| ________ process can be felt just posterior to the ear | mastoid |
| full of sinuses and site for ear infection; possible meningitis | mastoid region |
| point where mandible joins cranium | mandibular fossa |
| forms the central wedge and articulates with all other cranial bones | sphenoid |
| major markings include sella turcica, hypophyseal fossa | sphenoid |
| major openings include foramina rotundum, foramina ovale, optic canal, and superior orbital fissures | sphenoid |
| optic canal located in | sphenoid bone |
| forms part of eye orbit | sphenoid |
| openings in teh bases of the lesser wing for optic nerve to enter orbits; the foramina are connected by the chiasmatic groove | optic foramen |
| form part of nasal turbinates | pterygoid processes |
| lies b/w sphenoid and nasal bones | ethmoid |
| forms most of the bony area b/w nasal cavity and orbits | ethmoid |
| attachment for dura mater | crista galli |
| olfactory fibers pass from nasal mucosa to brain | cribriform plate |
| major markings include cribiform plate, crista galli, and perpendicular plate, and ethmoid sinuses | ethmoid bone |
| forms superior nasal septum | perpendicular plate |
| paired facial bones | maxillae, zygomatics, nasals, lacrimals, palatines, inferior conchae. |
| single facial bones | mandible and vomer |
| houses tear ducts | lacrimal bone |
| lower jawbone; strongest and largest facial bone | mandible |
| major markigns include coronoid process, mandibular condyle, alveolar margin, mental foramina and mandibular | mandible |
| articulation of mandible with mandibular fossa of temporal bone | mandibular condyle |
| dentist use this opening for anesthesia | mandibular foramen |
| medially fused bones that make up the upper jaw and central portion of facial skeleton | maxillary bones |
| facial keystone bone taht articulates wiht all other facial bones except mandible | maxilary bone |
| major markings include palatine, frontal, and zygomatic processes, the alveolar margins, inferior orbital fissure, and maxillary sinuses | maxillary bone |
| inferior margin for teeth sockets | alveolar margin |
| project medially from the alveolar margins to form the anterior region of the hard palate | palatine processes |
| forms part of nasal septum and lateral walls and roof of nasal cavity | maxillary bone |
| forms cheekbones | zygomatic bones |
| thin medially fused bones that form the bridge of the nose | nasal bone |
| contributes to the medial walls of orbit and contain a deep groove called lacrimal fossa that houses the lacrimal sac | lacrimal bones |
| two bone plates that form portions of the hard palate, posterolateral walls of the nasal cavity, and small part of orbits | palatine bones |
| results from left and right halves of the palate to fuse medially during fatal development | cleft palate |
| bony cavities in which the eyes are firmly encased and cushioned by fatty tissue | orbits |
| formed by parts of 7 bones: frontal, sphenoid, zygomatic, maxilla, palatine, lacrimal and ethmoid | orbits |
| lesser wing of sphenoid and orbital plate of frontal bone form the ____ of orbit | roof of orbit |
| zygomatic process of frontal bone greater wing of sphenoid bone orbital surface of zygomatic bone form the _____ wall of orbit | lateral wall orbit |
| palatine bone and maxillary bone and zygomatic bone form the _______ of orbit | floor of orbit |
| sphenoid, ethmoid, maxilla, and lacrimal bones form the _____ wall of orbit | medial wall orbit. |
| constructed of bone and hyaline cartilage | nasal cavity |
| formed by cribriform plate of ethmoid Hint: nasal cavity | roof of nasal cavity |
| superior and middle conchae of ethmoid, perpendicular plate of palatine, and inferior nasal conchae form the ________ of nasal cavity | lateral wall |
| formed by palatine process of maxillae and palatine bone | floor of nasal cavity |
| 5 paranasal sinuses are | frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, and paired maxillary bones |
| no direct articulation with any other bone, lies inferior to the mandible, acts as a movable base for tongue | hyoid bone |
Created by:
hjp501
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