cranial and facial bones
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| Bone Projections for Muscle and Ligament Attachment; raised area on or above a condyle | Epicondyle
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| Projections That Help to Form Joints | condyle, ramus, facet, head
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| armlike bar of bone | ramus
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| rounded articular projection | condyle
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| smooth nearly flat articular surface | facet
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| bony expansion carried on a narrow neck | head
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| depressions and openings allowing blood vessels and nerves to pass | meatus, sinus, fossa, groove, fissure, foramen
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| canal like passageway | meatus
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| cavity within a bone filled with air and lined with mucous membrane | sinus
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| furrow | groove
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| narrow slitlike opening | fissure
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| round or oval opening through a bone | foramen
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| formed by the cranium and facial bones | skull
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| protects the brain and is the site of attachment for head and neck muscles | cranium
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| calvaria (superior, lateral, posterior, and forhead region) | vault
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| 8 cranial bones | 2 parietal, 2 temporal, frontal, occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid
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| forms forhead, superior part of orbits and anterior cranial fossa, contains sinuses | frontal bone
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| articulates posteriorly with parietal bones via the coronal suture | frontal bone
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| major markings include supraorbital margins with a supraorbital foramen (contains supraorbital nerve and artery which supply the forhead. internally contributes to the anterior cranial fossa | frontal bone
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| makes up bulk of cranial vault | parietal bone
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| articulation b/w parietal and frontal | coronal suture
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| right and left parietal bones meet | sagittal suture
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| parietal bone meets the occipital bone posteriorly | lambdoid suture
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| parietal and temporal bones meet | squamosal suture
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| also known as wormian bones | sutural bones
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| forms most of the skull's posterior wall and most of the posterior base of the skull | occipital bone
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| major markings include occipital condyles (articulates with the first vertebrae) | occipital bone
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| bony protuberances which serve as sites of muscle attachment | nuchal line
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| major markings include foramen magnum, and hypoglossal canal | occipital bone
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| opening for spinal cord to join with brain | foramen magnum
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| forms hard palate | maxilla and palatine bone
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| lie inferior to parietal bones, form the inferolateral portion of the skull | temporal bone
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| specific regions include squamous, temporal, petrous, and mastoid regions | temporal bone
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| major markings include zygomatic process, styloid process, external acoustic meatus, stylomastoid foramen, carotid canal, mastoid process and mandibular fossa | temporal bone
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| external acoustic meatus located in | temporal
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| carotoid canal located in | temporal
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| mandibular fossa located in | temporal
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| houses stylomastoid foramen | temporal
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| zygomatic process located in | temporal
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| major openings for jugular foramen, and internal acoustic meatus | temporal
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| ________ process can be felt just posterior to the ear | mastoid
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| full of sinuses and site for ear infection; possible meningitis | mastoid region
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| point where mandible joins cranium | mandibular fossa
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| forms the central wedge and articulates with all other cranial bones | sphenoid
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| major markings include sella turcica, hypophyseal fossa | sphenoid
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| major openings include foramina rotundum, foramina ovale, optic canal, and superior orbital fissures | sphenoid
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| optic canal located in | sphenoid bone
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| forms part of eye orbit | sphenoid
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| openings in teh bases of the lesser wing for optic nerve to enter orbits; the foramina are connected by the chiasmatic groove | optic foramen
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| form part of nasal turbinates | pterygoid processes
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| lies b/w sphenoid and nasal bones | ethmoid
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| forms most of the bony area b/w nasal cavity and orbits | ethmoid
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| attachment for dura mater | crista galli
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| olfactory fibers pass from nasal mucosa to brain | cribriform plate
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| major markings include cribiform plate, crista galli, and perpendicular plate, and ethmoid sinuses | ethmoid bone
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| forms superior nasal septum | perpendicular plate
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| paired facial bones | maxillae, zygomatics, nasals, lacrimals, palatines, inferior conchae.
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| single facial bones | mandible and vomer
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| houses tear ducts | lacrimal bone
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| lower jawbone; strongest and largest facial bone | mandible
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| major markigns include coronoid process, mandibular condyle, alveolar margin, mental foramina and mandibular | mandible
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| articulation of mandible with mandibular fossa of temporal bone | mandibular condyle
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| dentist use this opening for anesthesia | mandibular foramen
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| medially fused bones that make up the upper jaw and central portion of facial skeleton | maxillary bones
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| facial keystone bone taht articulates wiht all other facial bones except mandible | maxilary bone
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| major markings include palatine, frontal, and zygomatic processes, the alveolar margins, inferior orbital fissure, and maxillary sinuses | maxillary bone
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| inferior margin for teeth sockets | alveolar margin
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| project medially from the alveolar margins to form the anterior region of the hard palate | palatine processes
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| forms part of nasal septum and lateral walls and roof of nasal cavity | maxillary bone
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| forms cheekbones | zygomatic bones
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| thin medially fused bones that form the bridge of the nose | nasal bone
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| contributes to the medial walls of orbit and contain a deep groove called lacrimal fossa that houses the lacrimal sac | lacrimal bones
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| two bone plates that form portions of the hard palate, posterolateral walls of the nasal cavity, and small part of orbits | palatine bones
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| results from left and right halves of the palate to fuse medially during fatal development | cleft palate
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| bony cavities in which the eyes are firmly encased and cushioned by fatty tissue | orbits
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| formed by parts of 7 bones: frontal, sphenoid, zygomatic, maxilla, palatine, lacrimal and ethmoid | orbits
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| lesser wing of sphenoid and orbital plate of frontal bone form the ____ of orbit | roof of orbit
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| zygomatic process of frontal bone greater wing of sphenoid bone orbital surface of zygomatic bone form the _____ wall of orbit | lateral wall orbit
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| palatine bone and maxillary bone and zygomatic bone form the _______ of orbit | floor of orbit
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| sphenoid, ethmoid, maxilla, and lacrimal bones form the _____ wall of orbit | medial wall orbit.
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| constructed of bone and hyaline cartilage | nasal cavity
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| formed by cribriform plate of ethmoid Hint: nasal cavity | roof of nasal cavity
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| superior and middle conchae of ethmoid, perpendicular plate of palatine, and inferior nasal conchae form the ________ of nasal cavity | lateral wall
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| formed by palatine process of maxillae and palatine bone | floor of nasal cavity
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| 5 paranasal sinuses are | frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, and paired maxillary bones
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| no direct articulation with any other bone, lies inferior to the mandible, acts as a movable base for tongue | hyoid bone
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