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ch.9
State, Society, and the Quest of Salvation in India
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What is Arthashastra? | Detailed instructions on uses of power and principle of governing. |
What kind of government did Chandragupta rule over? | Bureaucratic |
What was the name of Chandragupta's advisor? | Kautalya |
Why did Chandragupta leave his throne? | To become a monk and live an ascetic life. |
When did Ashoka begin his reign? | 268-232 B.C.E |
Pataliputra? | Thriving and cosmopolitan city |
Mahabharata and Ramayana portrayed what towards women? | As weak , willed and emotional creatures . |
4 main castes? | Brahmins ( priests) , Kshatriyas ( warriors and aristocrats), Vaishyas( peasants and merchants ) , and Shudras (serfs) |
what is jainisim? | Religion: teaches the way of liberation and bliss is to live life of harmlessness and renunciation, |
principle of Ahisma? | non-violence to other living things or their souls |
Founder of buddhism? | Siddhartha Gautama |
Four noble truths? | All life involves suffering , the desire is the cause of suffering, the elimination of desire brings an end suffering , a disciplined life and conducted in accordance with the Noble Eightfold path brings the elimination of desire. |
Eightfold path? | right belief, right re-solve, right speech, right behavior , right occupation, right effort, right contemplation, and right meditation. |
Nirvana? | State of perfect spiritual independence |
stupas? | shrines housing relics of buddha and his first disciplines that pilgrims venerated while meditating on buddhist values |
Boddhisatvas? | Individuals who reached spiritual perfection and merited their reward to nirvana. |