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Med Term Ch 2
Dooley's Med Term Ch. 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| anatomy | study of the structure of the body |
| physiology | study of the function of the structures of the body |
| body planes | divide the body into sections for descriptive purposes |
| midsagittal plane | divides the body into equal right & left halves |
| sagittal plane | divides the body into unequal right & left portions |
| coronal plane | divides th body into anterior and posterior portions |
| horizontal plane | divides the body into upper and lower sections |
| transverse plane | divides the body into upper & lower portions |
| superior | upper portion, above, toward the head |
| inferior | lower portion, below, toward the feet |
| cephalic | toward the head |
| anterior | toward the front |
| ventral | front |
| posterior | toward the back |
| dorsal | back |
| midline | imaginary line down the middle of the body |
| proximal | situated nearest the midline |
| distal | situated farthest from the midline |
| medial | toward the midline |
| lateral | toward the side |
| caudal | toward the lower part of the body; tail |
| cranial | referring to the skull |
| spinal | referring to the spine |
| thoracic | pertaining to the chest |
| abdominal | pertaining to the abdomen |
| pelvic | pertaining to the pelvis |
| hypo | below, lower |
| chondr/o | pertaining to the ribs |
| epi- | above |
| -ic | referring to |
| lumbar | referring to the lower back |
| umbilical | pertaining to the navel or 'belly button' |
| inguinal | referring to the groin area |
| cytology | study of the formation, structure, & function of cells |
| genes | functional units of heredity |
| genetics | srudy of how genes are transferred from parents to children |
| genetic disorder | disease or condition caused by defective genes |
| congenital disorder | abnormal condition that exists at birth that may be caused by developmental disorder before birht, prenatal influences, premature birth, or birth injuries |
| anomaly | a deviation from what is considered normal |
| prenatl influences | the mother's health and the care she recieves before delivery |
| histology | study of structure, composition, function of tissues |
| stem cells | precursor cells |
| epithelial tissues | form protective covering for internal and external surfaces |
| connective tissue | supports & connects organs and other tisues |
| muscle tissue | contracts and relaxes to create movement |
| nerve tissue | reactes to stimuli and conducts impulses |
| aplasia | lack of development of tissue or organ |
| hyperplasia | abnormal increase in formation of cells or tissue |
| hypoplasia | abnormal decrease in the formation of cells or tissue |
| dysplasia | abnormal development or growth of cells (usually means bad) |
| anaplasia | change in structure of cells and their orientation to each other as in cancer |
| exocrine glands | secrete chemical substance through ducts |
| endocrine glands | secrete chemical substances directly into blood stream |
| adenoma | tumor of a gland |
| adenitis | inflammation of a gland |
| adenomalcia | abnormal softening of a gland |
| adenectomy | surgical removal of a gland |
| adenosclerosis | abnormal hardening of a gland |
| pathology | study of the structure and functional changes caused by disease |
| laparoscopy | visual exam of the interior of the abdomen with the use of a laparoscope |
| peritoneum | membrane that lines the abdomenial cavity, protects and supports the organs within the abdomen |
| etiology | cause of a diease; study of the cause of disease |
| postmortem | after death |
| autopsy | examination of a body after death (post mortem)to determine the cause of death |
| communicable disease | AKA contagious disease; transmitted from one person to another by direct contact or indirectly through contaminated objects |
| contaminated | possible prescence of an infectious agent |
| bloodborne transmission | infectious agent passed to another by expossure to infected blood |
| sexually transmitted disease | AKA: STDs or venereal disease; person to person contact or contact with infected lesions |
| airborne transmission | infectious agent is passed to another through respiratory dropletsfrom a cough or sneeze |
| foodborne transmission | caused by eating or drinking contaminated food or water; AKA fecal/oral transmission |
| infectious disease | illness caused by a pathogenic organism |
| idiopathic disorder | an illness with no known cause |
| functional disorder | no detectable physical signs that explain the symptoms |
| iatrogenic disorder | a problem caused by a medical treatment |
| organic disorder | physical changes that expalin the symptoms being experienced by the patient |
| nosocomial infection | infection acquired in a hospital that was not present on admission but appears within 72 hours or more after hospitalization |
| epidemiologist | studies outbreaks of diseasewithin a population |
| endemic | an illness or disease that is always present within a population |
| epidemic | sudden widespread outbreak of an illness or disease within a population |
| pandemic | a worldwide outbreak of a disease |
Created by:
dgdooley
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