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Chapter 4
Pirates Chart, Vocabulary, and Chronology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Where was the Harappan Society located at? | Indus River valley |
| What were two main cities? | Harappa and Mohenjo-daro |
| What was their type of political system? | No evidence |
| What did each city have? | Citadel and a large granary |
| What did ecological degradation lead to? | Subsistence crisis |
| What did religious beliefs strongly emphasize? | Fertility |
| What did they cultivate in the Indus River valley? | Wheat |
| What did the Aryans depend on? | Pastoral economy |
| What type of language did they have? | Sacred language (Sanskrit) and daily-use language (Prakit) |
| What were the four main varnas? | brahmins (priests), kshatriyas (warriors and aristocrats), vaishyas (cultivators, artisans, and merchants), shudras (landless peasants and serfs) |
| What were the rules of the jati life? | eating, communication, and behavior |
| What type of society did they have? | Patriarchal and patrilineal society |
| What were the gods that Aryans had? | War god, gods of the sun, the sky, the moon, fire, health, disease god Varuna |
| What were the duties for women? | To bear children and household |
| What type of society did the Dravidians have? | Vedic Society |
| What was their language? | Dravidian language |
| Where in India were they located at? | Southern India |
| What Dravidian were adapted? | Notions of transmigration and reincarnation |
| What was the purpose of Brahman? | The foundation of all wisdom |
| What did the Upanishads advocate? | Honesty, self-control, charity, and mercy |
| What did they teach? | Respect for all living things |
| What is Definition of citadel? | a fortress that commands a city and is used in the control of the inhabitants and in defense during attack or siege |
| What is Definition of Harappa? | of or relating to Harappa, especially the Bronze Age culture of the Indus valley civilization |
| What is Definition of venerated? | to regard or treat with reverence |
| What is Definition of pantheon? | a temple dedicated to all the gods |
| What is Definition of Aryans? | a member or descendant of the prehistoric people who spoke Indo-European |
| What is Definition of rig veda? | one of the Vedas, a collection of 1028 hymns, dating from not later than the second millennium b.c. |
| What is Definition of Indra? | the chief of the Vedic gods, the god of rain and thunder |
| What is Definition of raja? | a king or prince in India. |
| What is Definition of caste systems? | the rigid Hindu system of hereditary social distinctions based on castes |
| What is Definition of Varnas? | class |
| What is Definition of Brahmins? | a person who is intellectually or socially aloof. |
| What is Definition of Kshatriyas? | a member of the Hindu royal and warrior class above the Vaisyas and below the Brahmans. |
| What is Definition of Vaishyas? | a member of the third of the four Hindu castes, comprising the merchants and farmers |
| What is Definition of Shudras? | a member of the worker caste, lowest of the four Hindu castes. |
| What is Definition of "Law book of Manu"? | guidelines formed based on Hindu beliefs |
| What is Definition of Brahman? | a member of the worker caste, lowest of the four Hindu castes. |
| What is Definition of doctrine? | a particular principle, position, or policy taught or advocated, as of a religion or government |
| What is Definition of karma? | action, seen as bringing upon oneself inevitable results, good or bad, either in this life or in a reincarnation |
| What is Definition of Dravidian? | a family of languages, wholly distinct from Indo-European, spoken mostly in southern India and Sri Lanka and including Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, and, in Pakistan, Brahui |
| What happened in 3000 B.C.E. | Neolithic villages in Indus River valley |
| What happened in 3000 B.C.E. | The complex society of Dravidians |
| What happened in 5000 B.C.E. | Cultivated cotton |
| What happened in 1900 B.C.E. | Harappan society declined |
| What happened in 1700 B.C.E. | Population began to abandon their cities |
| What happened in 1500 B.C.E. | Almost entirely collapsed |
| What happened in 1500 B.C.E. - 500 B.C.E | The Vedic age |
| What happened in 500 B.C.E. | Aryan Migrations in India |
| What happened in 1000 B.C.E. | Four main Varnas |
| What happened in Sixth Century B.C.E. | Represented more elaborate scheme of social classification |
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axelnavarro2019
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