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Chapter 7 Vocabulary
AP World History Chapter 7 Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Achaemenid | A member of the Achaemenid dynasty |
| Medes | A member of an Iranian people who inhabited ancient Media, establishing an extensive empire during the 7th century BC, which was conquered by Cyrus the Great of Persia in 550 BC |
| Pasargadae | An ancient ruined city in S Iran, NE of Persepolis: an early capital of ancient Persia; tomb of Cyrus the Great |
| Cambyses | Died 522 b.c, king of Persia 529–522 (son of Cyrus the Great) |
| Darius | Name of three Persian rulers, notably Darius the Great, Persian emperor 521-485 B.C.E., from Greek Darius, from Old Persian Darayavaus, probably literally "he who holds firm the good," from PIE root *dher- (2) "to hold firmly, support" |
| Persepolis | An ancient capital of Persia: its imposing ruins are in S Iran, about 30 miles (48 km) NE of Shiraz |
| Satrapy | A province governed by a satrap |
| Persian Royal Road | A highway in ancient Persia, 1677 miles (2700 km) long, extending from Susa in W Iran to W Asia Minor |
| Commonwealth | An independent country or community, especially a democratic republic |
| Battle of Marathon | A famous battle in the fifth century b.c., in which the ancient Greeks defeated a much larger army of the Persian Empire |
| Alexander of Macedon | 356–323 b.c, king of Macedonia 336–323: conqueror of Greek city-states and of the Persian empire from Asia Minor and Egypt to India |
| Seleucid | A member of the Seleucid dynasty |
| Parthian | A native or inhabitant of Parthia |
| Mithradates I | Called the Great. ?132–63 bc, king of Pontus (?120–63). He waged three wars against Rome (88–84; 83–81; 74–64) and was finally defeated by Pompey: committed suicide |
| Ctesiphon | A ruined city in Iraq, on the Tigris, near Baghdad: an ancient capital of Parthia |
| Sassanid | A member of the Sassanian dynasty |
| Zoroastrianism | A monotheistic pre-Islamic religion of ancient Persia founded by Zoroaster in the 6th century BC |
| Ahura Mazda | The supreme creative deity, the creator of Gayomart whose omnipotence is challenged by Angra Mainyu |
| Magus | A member of a priestly caste of ancient Persia |
| Avesta | The sacred writings of Zoroastrianism, compiled in the 4th century AD |
| Gathas | Any of 17 poems attributed to Zoroaster that are the most ancient texts of the Avesta |
| Manichaeism | Religious or philosophical dualism |
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Marcos3102
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