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chapter 4 study card
Harappans , Aryans & Dravidians
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Harappan Political | no evidence has been found about their political system |
| Harappan interaction with environment | -cultivated cotton - |
| Harappan Religion | no evidence |
| Harappan Art and Architecture | -Broad streets, marketplaces, temples, public buildings -Standardized weights, measures, architectural styles, and brick sizes |
| Harappan Technology | no evidence |
| Harappan Economy | -Rich deposits but less predictable than the Nile |
| Harappan Society | -natural catastrophes such as floods or earthquakes -Population began to abandon their cities by about 1700 B.C.E. -Ecological degradation led to a subsistence crisis -Religious beliefs strongly emphasized fertility |
| Aryans Political | -The Lawbook of Manu -clan |
| Aryans Interaction with environment | no evidence |
| Aryans Religion | -gods -Ritual sacrifices were more important than ethics -believed in Karma -Moksha -Brahman |
| Aryans Art and Architecture | no evidence |
| Aryans Technology | -Used iron tools and developed agriculture -domesticated cattle -advanced weapons |
| Aryans Economy | -Depended heavily on a pastoral economy |
| Aryans Society | -caste system -had a relationship with dravidians |
| Dravidians Political | -one leader |
| Dravidians Interaction with environment | no evidence |
| Dravidians Religion | -unknown |
| Dravidians Art and Architecture | no evidence |
| Dravidians Technology | no evidence |
| Dravidians Economy | no evidence |
| Dravidians Society | -no social classes |
| What were the 2 main cities that the Harappans used for agriculture? | Harappa and Mohenjo-daro |
| Why was there no evidence on Harappan political type? | civilization was flooded, no remains of their society |
| What was the name of the river where the Harappans were established? | indus river |
| What were the Harappans inventions? | Toilets and a sewage system |
| What were the benefits of Harappan society? | Trade and Travel |
| What were the benefits of the Dravidian society? | Trade and Agriculture |
| Beginnings of agriculture in south Asia | 8000–7000 B.C.E. |
| High point of Harappan society | 2500–2000 B.C.E. |
| Beginning of Harappan decline | 1900 B.C.E. |
| Beginning of Aryan migration to India | 1500 B.C.E. |
| Vedic age | 1500–500 B.C.E. |
| Composition of the Rig Veda | 1400–900 B.C.E. |
| Early Aryan migrations into the Ganges River valley | 1000 B.C.E. |
| Emergence of varna distinctions | 1000 B.C.E. |
| Formation of regional kingdoms in northern India | 1000–500 B.C.E. |
| Composition of the principal Upanishads | 800–400 B.C.E. |
| Establishment of first Aryan cities in the Ganges valley | 750 B.C.E. |
| Early Aryan migrations to the Deccan Plateau | 500 B.C.E |