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World Studies
Chapter 6 China
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does the name Qin Shihuangdi mean? | The first Qin emperor |
| What was the capital city of the Qin dynasty? | Xianyang |
| What is terra-cotta? | Hardened clay |
| According to archeologists, why did Qin Shihuangdi create the terra-cotta figures? . B. | He was creating an army to protect him in the afterlife. |
| What special fighting skill did the Xiongu have that made them a threat? | They were masters of horseback riding. |
| How long is a li? | one-third of a mile |
| How many of Qin Shihuangdi's walls still remain? | Only a few of his walls remain. |
| What happened to books that presented ideas that were not the official view of the Qin dynasty? | They were publically burned. |
| What was the job of the Censorate? | To make sure government officials were doing their jobs. |
| How many Qin emperors followed Qin Shihuangdi? | none |
| The following IS A TRUE statement about Liu Pang... | He was born a peasant, but became emperor. |
| What element of the Qin dynasty did the Han dynasty retain? | The three ministries of the central government. |
| What was the purpose of the civil service examination? | to select new government officials |
| What happened to the population of China during the Han dynasty? | It increased rapidly. |
| What does martial mean? | Related to or suited for war. |
| What followed the death of Han Wudi? | 150 years of peace |
| Why did free peasants suffer during the Han dynasty? | As the population grew, the average size of a farm plot became too small to support a family. |
| What was the basic social unit for economics and education in the Han dynasty? | The Family. |
| What was the chief form of literature in the Han dynasty? | Histories. |
| What literary work produced during the Han period became required reading for generations of Chinese schoolchildren? | A set of Confucian classics compiled by the Confucian school. |
| Who fought against opium trade restrictions in China? | The British |
| Who was the founding father of the republic of China? | Sun Yat-sen |
| What territory did China lose control of after the first opium war? | Hons Kons |
| Feet that have been perfectly bound in less than 3 inches are called what? | Golden Lotus |
| Whose troops forced Communists to embark on the Long March? | Chiang Kai-shek |
| Promoting the status of women, providing universal housing, improving literacy, and increasing healthcare were all reforms created by who? | Mao Zedong |
| Who created the Great Leap Forward and what was it? | Mao Zadons. Individualization through small-scale projects in peasant community |
| Where did members of the nationalist Party flee to after the war with the Communists? | Taiwan |
| Under Confucian beliefs what is the relationship between young people and their elders called? | Filial Peity |
| What caused the alliance between the Communist and Nationalist parties? | Fight against Japanese |
| What was the revolt against the Quing Dynasty? | Taiping Rebellion |
| During the Tang Dynasty, how were government positions appointed? | Placement by scores on civil service exam |
| Explain the Mandate of Heaven. | T'ien Ming "Divine Right to Rule" |
| What was the name for the 4000 miles of trade routes linking China to the Mediterranean Sea: | Silk Road |
| Which philosophy believes "strength, not goodness, is the ruler's greatest virtue? | legalism - Hanfeizi |
| Who is the founder of Legalism? | Hanfeizi (280 B.C - 233 B.C) |
| Which of the three philosophies seeks to live in harmony with nature? | Taoism |
| Would a Legalist believe the Confucian idea that people will follow the example of a good ruler? | Legalism believes that the only way to achieve order was to pass strict laws and enforce them with harsh punishments. The nature of man was evil and goodness was acquired. |
| Taoist beliefs on government: | Government is unnatural and therefore the cause of many problems and the best government was the one that governed least. |
| Legalist beliefs on government: | The only way to achieve order was to pass strict laws and enforce them with harsh punishments. |
| Who is the founder of Confucianism? | Confucius (551 B.C - 479 B.C) |
| Who is the founder of Taoism? | Laozi (604 B.C - unknown) |
| Confucianism Philosophies: | Harmony results when people understand their role in society |
| Confucianism Philosophies: | There are 5 key relationships: father to son, elder brother to younger, husband to wife, ruler to subject, friend to friend |
| Confucianism Philosophies: | Older people were superior to younger people, and men were superior to women |
| Confucianism Philosophies: | Superiors should care for inferiors and set a good example |
| Confucianism Philosophies: | Filian Piety, or respect and devotion to one's parents was above all other duties (even loyalty to the state!) |
| Legalism Philosophies: | The nature of man is evil. His goodness is acquired. |
| Legalism Philosophies: | The only way to achieve order was to pass strict laws and enforce them with harsh punishments |
| Legalism Philosophies: | Strength, not goodness, was a rulers greatest virtue |
| Taoism Philosophies: | Live in harmony with nature and reject the world of conflict |
| Taoism Philosophies: | Look beyond everyday worries to focus on the Dao, or "the way" of the universe as a whole |
| Taoism Philosophies: | Government is unnatural and therefore the cause of many problems |
| Taoism Philosophies: | The best government was the one that governed least |
| Taoism Philosophies: | Previously referred to as Daoism. |
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