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Ch. 4 History Notes
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Dorians | brought iron weapons with them to Greece. |
| hoplites | "ordinary citizens" in the Greek army. |
| Mycenaeans | came to Greece from Central Asia. |
| Minoans | taught navigation of the sun and stars to the Mycenaeans. |
| Fishing, trade, and herding goats and sheep | things the Early Greeks lived by. |
| Free, native-born, land-owning men | could be citizens of Greek city-states. |
| Spartans | focused on military service. |
| 20 | age in which Spartan men joined the regular army. |
| Athens | focused on government and education. |
| upper-class Athenian women | could not leave home without a male relative. |
| ephors | enforced laws and collected taxes in Sparta. |
| Peisistratus | became popular by giving land to landless farmers. |
| Sparta | was an oligarchy. |
| Athens | was a democracy. |
| Cyrus the Great | king of Persia; united the Persian empire. |
| xerxes | king of Persia; he wanted to conquer Greece to increase the country's wealth, to win glory, and for revenge. |
| Herodotus | wrote the history of the Persian wars. |
| Pericles | made Athens more democratic. |
| Age of Pericles | age of creativity and learning in Athens. |
| Parthenon | workers hauled 20,000 tons of marble and took 15 years to build this. |
| Direct democracy | all the people decide on government matters. |