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Skeletal System
Mr. G’s Skeletal System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Skeletal system is made up of: | Skeletal, Cartilage, Ligaments and Connective tissue to stabilize the skeleton |
| Function of the Skeletal System | Support, Storage of Minerals, Blood Cell production, Leverage and Protection |
| Periosteum | Outer lining of the bone. Actively participates in bone growth and repair and attaches the bone to the connective tissue network of the deep fascia. |
| Endosteum | Inner lining of the bone. Lines the medullary cavity. Consists of osteoprogenitor cells. Actively involved in repair and growth |
| Two types of osseous tissue | Compact Bone and Spongy bone |
| Compact Bone | Compact bones are dense and solid. Forms the walls of bone outlining the medullary cavity. |
| Medullary cavity | Consists of bone marrow |
| Spongy Bone | Open network of plates located at the ends of bones. Creates the lightweight nature of bones. |
| Epiphysis | Each end of the long bones or the top part of the bone |
| Diaphysis | shaft of the long bones or shaft of the bone |
| Metaphysis | narrow growth zone between the Epiphysis and the Diaphysis |
| Seven broad categories of bones | Sutural bones, Irregular bones, Short bones, Pneumatized bones, Flat bones, Long bones and Sesamoid bones |
| Two sections of skeletal system | axial skeleton (skull, spinal column, ribs and sternum ); appendicular (shoulder girdle, arm bones, pelvic girdle and leg bones) |
| Skull and Facial bones | cranium, mandible, maxilla, zygomatic, lacrimal, nasal, and palatine |
| Spinal column | 7 cervical (neck) , 12 thoracic (chest ), 5 lumbar (lower back or waist) , 5 fused sacral bones (back of pelvic girdle), 4 fused coccyx bones (tailbone) |
| Chest | 12 ribs, sternum (breastbone), |
| Shoulder girdle | 2 clavicles (collarbones), two scapula (shoulder blade) |
| Arm | humerus (upper arm) , radius, ulna (lower arm bones), carpals, metacarpals and phalangers (handbones) |
| Leg | femur (thighbone), patella (kneecap), tibia and fibula (lower leg bones) tarsals (ankle), metatarsals (instep of the foot), phalanges (toe bones) |
| Pelvis | Ileum, Ischium and Symphysis pubis |
| Arthritis | A group of diseases involving inflammation of the joints. Two main types are osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid. |
| Bursitis | Inflammation of the bursae, small, fluid filled sacs surrounding the joints. |
| Fractures | crack or break in a bone |
| Dislocation | Bone is forcibly displaced from a joint. |
| Sprain | Twisting action resulting in the tearing of ligaments at a joint. |
| Osteomyelitis | Bone inflammation usually caused by a pathogenic organism. |
| Osteoporosis | Softening of the bones causing the bones to become porous, brittle and prone to fracture. |
| Ruptured Disk (herniated or slipped disk) | Occurs when an intervertebral disk ruptures or protrudes out of place resulting in pressure on a spinal nerve. |
| Spinal curvatures | abnormal curvatures of the spine and includes kyphosis (hunchback) , Scoliosis and Lordosis or swayback. |
Created by:
rotechams
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