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ITM misc. info

nervous system

QuestionAnswer
peripheral nervous systemPNS comprised of cranial & spinal nerves that exit from brain & spinal cord
cranial nerves 12 pairs emerge from brain
spinal nerves 31 pairs exit spinal cord thru intervertebral foramina
PNS subdivided into autonomic & somatic nervous systems
somatic voluntary system transmits impulses from CNS to skeletal-makes us move
autonomic involuntary nervous system innervates smooth muscle, cardiac muscle & galnds
autonomic subdivisions sympathetic & parasympathetic
sympathetic fight or flight-speeds up heart rate
parasympathetic rest & digest-slows heart rate
sensory conduct signals to CNS
motor carry signals from CNS
oligodendroglia forms myelin sheath in CNS
schwann cells in PNS
refractory period very brief period after inhibition when neuron recovers
absolute refractory period time during which neuron will not respond to any stimuli-beginning of depolization
relative refractory perion when neuron will onlyrespond to a very strong stimuli-end of depolarization
neurotransmitters chemical compounds released by vesicles, many are also hormones
cerebrum higher function, makes us human
cerebellum movement, coordination
spinal cord composed of white & gray matter
white matter axons
gray matter cell body
lower motor neurons flaccid
upper motor neurons spastic
upper CNS
lower peripheral
subdural hematome bleeding between dura & arachnoid
epidural hematoma bleeding between skull & dura
endoneurium surrounds each nerve fibers
perineurium surrounds each fascicle
fascicle group of nerve fibers
epineurium surrounds the nerve
dura mate-outermost covering tough, white fibrus connective tissue
dura mater tough mother
dura mater protects CNS from being damaged by skull & spine
arachnoid-middle layer cobweb like membrane, contains many blood vessels
pia mater-inner layer very thin, tight fitting cover contains blood vessels to nourish verve tissue
pia mater adheres directly to brain & spinal cord
Created by: mjjjmom
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