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WH Unit 1 Vocabulary

WH Unit 1 Vocabulary: Ancient River Civilizations & Religions

TermDefinition
civilization characterized by cities, specialized labor, complex institutions, record- keeping, and advanced technology
Cuneiform writing based on symbols
Ziggurat a tiered, pyramid shaped structure that formed part of the Sumerian temple
Fertile Crescent an arc of rich farmland in Southwest Asia, between the Persian Gulf and the Mediterranean Sea
Mesopotamia “land between two rivers”; the civilization between the Euphrates and Tigris rivers;considered to be the cradle of civilization.
polytheism belief in many gods
monotheism belief in a single god
Neolithic Revolution shift from hunting and gathering to food production; 10,000 years ago
Pyramid burial places for Old Kingdom pharaohs; a massive structure with rectangular base and triangular sides
Pharaoh a king of ancient Egypt, considered to be a god on Earth
Theocracy government controlled by religious leaders
hieroglyphics early form of writing based on pictures
loess a loosely compacted yellowish-gray deposit of windblown sediment of which extensive deposits occur
Dynastic Cycle pattern of rise, decline, and replacement of dynasties in China; rulers had a divine approval called the Mandate of Heaven
Code of Hammurabi first collection of recorded laws and rules; “eye for an eye”
cultural diffusion spreading of ideas or products from one culture to another; trade routes, missionaries
Christianity based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ; Catholics/Protestants; Bible is holy book
cause events, conditions, and/or reasons that lead to an event
effects the result of an event or condition
Buddhism religion founded by Siddhartha Gautama; originated in India and spread to East Asia
Hinduism World's oldest religion; polytheistic; reincarnation; Vedas and other holy books; caste system
Islam founded by Muhammad; God is called Allah; Five Pillars of Islam
Mandate of Heaven in Chinese history, the divine approval thought to be the basis of royal authority
primary source sources created by a person witnessing an event
bias inability to be impartial, unprejudiced, or objective
Created by: jhanes2
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