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Mod 1 Med Terms
Med Terms Ch 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| anatomy | study of the structures of the body |
| physiology | study of the function of the structures of the body |
| anatomic position | standing up straight, erect, and facing forward |
| midsagittal plane | plane that divides the body in equal right and left halves |
| frontal plane | vertical plane that divides body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions |
| dorsal | refers to the back of an organ or body (opp of ventral) |
| anterior | situated in the front |
| posterior | situated in the back |
| superior | toward the head, above |
| inferior | toward the feet, below |
| caudal | toward the lower part of the body |
| medial | direction toward, or nearer, the midline |
| lateral | direction toward, or nearer, the side of the body |
| cranial cavity | protects the brain |
| spinal cavity | protects the spinal cord |
| homeostasis | the process through which the body maintains a constant internal environment |
| thoracic cavity | protects the heart and lungs |
| abdominal cavity | contains the primary organs of digestion |
| pelvic cavity | contains the organs of the reproductive and excretory systems |
| hypochondriac regions | -right and left -below the ribs -covered by the ribs |
| peritoneum | protects and holds the organs in place within the abdominal cavity |
| parietal paritoneum | -outer layer -lines the interior of the abdominal wall |
| messentary | -fused double layer (middle) -attaches parts of the intestine to the interior abdominal wall |
| visceral peritoneum | -inner layer -surrounds the organs of the abdominal cavity |
| retroperitoneal | behind the peritoneum -the kidneys are retroperitoneal |
| peritonitis | inflammation of the peritoneum |
| Phenylketonuria (PKU) | -genetic disorder in which an essential digestive enzyme is missing -tested for at birth |
| histology | the study of the structure, composition, and function of tissues |
| muscle tissue | has the specialized ability to contract and relax |
| aplasia | defective development, or congenital absence, of an organ or tissue |
| hypoplasia | the incomplete development of an organ or tissue usually due to a deficiency in the number of cells |
| anaplasia | -change in the structure of their cells and orientation to each other -characteristic of tumor formation in cancers |
| hyperplasia | enlargement of an organ or tissue because of an abnormal increase in the number of cells in the tissues |
| endocrine glands | -no ducts -hormones are secreted directly into the bloodstream |
| adenitis | inflammation of a gland |
| adenoma | benign tumor of a gland (vs. adenocarcinoma - cancerous tumor) |
| adenomalacia | abnormal softening of a gland |
| adenosis | any disease or condition of a gland |
| adenosclerosis | abnormal hardening of a gland |
| adenectomy | surgical removal of a gland |
| patholgy | the study of disease |
| etiology | the study of the causes of diseases |
| pathogen | disease-producing microorganism |
| bloodborne transmission | spread of a disease through contact with blood or other body fluids that are contaminated with blood |
| epidemic | a sudden and widespread outbreak of a disease within a specific population group or area |
| pandemic | an outbreak of a disease occurring over a large geographic area, possibly worldwide |
| skeletal system | -supports and shapes the body -protects the internal organs |
| idiopathic disorder | an illness without known cause |
| nosocomial infection | a disease acquired in a hospital or clinic setting |
| atresia | the congenital absence of a normal body opening or the failure of a structure to be tubular |
| geriatrician | physician who specializes in the care of the elderly |
Created by:
vanstellee
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