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Qtr 4 Final 2015

Chapter 29: Nationalism in India and China

QuestionAnswer
How did India try to gain independence from the British? Political organizing (INC), civil disobedience, boycotts, protests
What was the goal of the Indian National Congress? Through peaceful means, achieve eventual self-rule
What was the British influence on India? British customs and culture influenced India, their institutions influenced its political and economic development
What is civil disobedience? Not obeying an unjust law
What is the Doctrine of Ahimsa? Reverence for all life/non-violence
Explain the idea of home-rule. The political institutions should be controlled by the native people of the nation.
What was the Partition of 1947? After Indian independence, violence between Hindus and Muslims led to to the partition of India and the creation of Pakistan.
Define Nationalism and how it was used in India to push for home-rule. Political nationalism: The political institutions should be controlled by the native people of the nation. Economic nationalism: The economic systems of a nation should benefit the people of that nation.
How is Mahatma Gandhi protest British laws? By boycotting British products
How did the Amritsar massacre affect the movement for Indian independence? The massacre of 400 innocents led people to demand immediate self-rule and for the British to leave.
Why did the Nationalists and the Communists form an alliance in China in 1923? To defeat the imperialists, the local warlords and the Japanese
Who was the group that supported Mao Zedong after the Chinese revolution? The peasants
The Great Leap Forward was the communist's attempt to modernize China. What did the government have society focus on? Steel production
Which ethnic group was a victim of genocide by the Ottoman Turks? Armenians
Explain The Great Leap Forward. Be sure to describe three reasons for why it was a disaster. The Great Leap Forward was an attempt to modernize and industrialize China. Mao encouraged everyone to produce steel. This led to food shortages and famine where 20 million died.
Explain the Cultural Revolution. The Cultural Revolution was an attempt to modernize Chinese culture. It relied on young people to police the "old" institutions- schools, jobs, parents.
What was the Long March? Communist troops retreating across China to escape the Nationalist Army
Who was Chiang Kai-shek and who supported him? Leader of the Nationalist party, anti-communists and the United States
Who did Mao believe would drive the Chinese revolution? peasants
Who was the Red Guard? Disillusioned young people who policed their communities for people who represented the "4 olds"
Who was Jawaharlal Nehru and who supported him? He was the first Prime Minister of India and a central figure in Indian politics for much of the 20th century. Mahatma Gandhi supported him.
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