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Rasmussen Spine/Thor

Spine and Thorax

QuestionAnswer
Action:Unilaterally:Laterally flex vertebral column to the same side Erector Spinae Group
Action:Bilaterally:Extend the vertebral column Erector Spinae Group
Origin:Common tendon that attaches to the posterior surface of sacrum, illiac crest, spinous processes of the lumbar and last two thoracic vertebrae Erector Spinae Group
Insertion:Various attachements at the posterior ribs, spinous and transverse processes of thoracic and cervical vertebrae, and mastoid process of temporal bone Erector Spinae Group
Nerve:Dorsal primary divisions of spinal nerves Erector Spinae Group
Origin:Spinous processes of the upper lumbar and lower thoracic vertebrae Spinalis
Origin:Ligamentum nuchae, spinous process of C-7 Spinalis
Insertion:Spinous processes of upper thoracic Spinalis
Insertion:Spinous processes of cervicals, except C-1 Spinalis
Origin:Common tendon Longissimus
Origin:Transverse processes of upper five thoracic vertebrae Longissimus
Insertion:Lower nine ribs and transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae Longissimus
Insertion:Transverse processes of cervial vertebrae Longissimus
Insertion:Mastoid process of temporal bone Longissimus
Origin:Common tendon Iliocostalis
Origin:Posterior surface of ribs 1-12 Iliocostalis
Insertion:Transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae 1-3 and posterior surface of ribs 6-12 Iliocostalis
Insertion:Posterior surface of ribs 1-6 Iliocostalis
Insertion:Transverse processes of lower cervicals Iliocostalis
Action:Unilaterally:Rotate the vertebral column to the opposite side Multifidi and Rotatores
Action:Bilaterally:Extend the vetbral column Multifidi and Rotatores
Origin:Sacrum and transverse processes of lumbar through cervial vertebrae Multifidi
Origin:Transverse processes of lumbar through cervical vertebrae Rotatores
Insertion:Spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae through second cervical vertebrae (span two to four vertebrae) Multifidi
Insertion:Spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae through second cervical vertebra(span one to two vertebrae) Rotatores
Nerve:Dorsal primary divisions of spinal nerves Multifid and Rotatores
Action:Extend the vertebral column and head Semispinalis Capitis
Origin:Transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae, articular processes of lower cervicals Semispinalis Capitis
Insertion:Spinous processes of upper thoracic and cervicals (except C-1), and superior nuchal line of occiput Semispinalis Capitis
Nerve:Dorsal primary divisions of spinal nerves Semispinalis Capitis
Action:Unilaterally:Rotate the head and neck to the same side Splenius Capitis and Cervicis
Action:Unilaterally:Laterally flex the head and neck Splenius Capitis and Cervicis
Action:Bilaterally:Extend the head and neck Splenius Capitis and Cervicis
Origin:Ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C-7 to T-3 Splenius Capitis
Origin:Spinous processes of T-3 to T-6 Splenius Cervicis
Insertion:Mastoid process and lateral portion of superior nuchal line Splenius Capitis
Insertion:Transverse processes of the upper cervical vertebrae Splenius Cervicis
Nerve:Branches of dorsal division of cervical Splenius Capitis and Cervicis
Action:Rock and tilt the head back into extension Rectus Capitis Posterior Major
Action:Rock and tilt the head back into extension Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor
Action:Rock and tilt the head back into extension Oblique Capitis Superior
Action:Rotate the head to the same side Rectus Capitis Posterior Major
Action:Rotate the head to the same side Oblique Capitis Inferior
Origin:Spinous process of the axis (C-2) Rectus Capitis Posterior Major
Insertion:Inferior nuchal line of the occiput Rectus Capitis Posterior Major
Nerve:Suboccipital Rectus Capitis Posterior Major
Origin:Tubercle of the posterior arch of the atlas (C-1) Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor
Insertion:Inferior nuchal line of the occiput Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor
Nerve:Suboccipital Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor
Origin:Transverse process of the atlas (C-1) Oblique Capitis Superior
Insertion:Between the nuchal lines of the occiput Oblique Capitis Superior
Nerve:Suboccipital Oblique Capitis Superior
Origin:Spinous process of the axis (C-2) Oblique Capitis Inferior
Insertion:Transverse process of the atlas (C-1) Oblique Capitis Inferior
Nerve:Suboccipital Oblique Capitis Inferior
Action:Unilaterally:Laterally tilt the pelvis Quadratus Lumborum
Action:Unilaterally:Laterally flex the vertebral column to the same side Quadratus Lumborum
Action:Unilaterally:Assist to extend the vertebral column Quadratus Lumborum
Action:Bilaterally:Fix the last rib during inhalation and forced exhalation Quadratus Lumborum
Origin:Posterior iliac crest Quadratus Lumborum
Insertion:Last rib and transverse processes of first through fourth lumbar vertebrae Quadratus Lumborum
Nerve:Branches of first lumbar and twelfth thoracic Quadratus Lumborum
Action:Flex the vertebral column Rectus Abdominis
Origin:Pubic crest, pubic symhphysis Rectus Abdominis
Insertion:Cartilage of fifth, sixth and seventh ribs and xiphoid process Rectus Abdominis
Nerve:Branches of intercostals Rectus Abdominis
Action:Unilaterally:Laterally flex vertebral column to the same side External Oblique
Action:Unilaterally:Rotate vertebral column to the opposite side External Oblique
Action:Bilaterally:Flex the vertebral column External Oblique
Action:Bilaterally:Compress abdominal contents External Oblique
Origin:Lower eight ribs External Oblique
Insertion:Anterior part of the iliac crest, abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba External Oblique
Nerve:Branches of intercostals External Oblique
Action:Unilaterally:Laterally flex vertebral column to the same side Internal Oblique
Action:Unilaterally:Rotate vertebral column to the same side Internal Oblique
Action:Bilaterally:Flex the vertebral column Internal Oblique
Action:Bilaterally:Compress abdominal contents Internal Oblique
Origin:Lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest and thoracolumbar fascia Internal Oblique
Insertion:Internal surface of lower three ribs, abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba Internal Oblique
Nerve:Branches of intercostals Internal Oblique
Action:Compress abdominal contents Transverse Abdominis
Origin:Lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia and internal surface of lower six ribs Transverse Abdominis
Insertion:Abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba Transverse Abdominis
Nerve:Branches of intercostals Transverse Abdominis
Action:Draw down the central tendon of the diaphragm Diaphragm
Action:Increase the volume of the thoracic cavity during inhalation Diaphragm
Origin:Costal attachment:Inner surface of lower six ribs Diaphragm
Origin:Lumbar attachment:Upper two or three lumbar vertebrae Diaphragm
Origin:Sternal attachment:Inner part of xiphoid process Diaphragm
Insertion:Central Tendon Diaphragm
Nerve:Phrenic Diaphragm
Action:External:Assist with inhalation by drawing the ribs superiorly, increasing the space of the thoracic cavity Intercostals
Action:Internal:Assist with exhalation by drawing the ribs inferiorly, decreasing the space of the thoracic cavity Intercostals
Origin:Inferior border of the rib above Intercostals
Insertion:Superior border of the rib below Intercostals
Nerve:Intercostal Intercostals
Action:Elevate the ribs during inhalation Serratus Posterior Superior
Origin:Spinous processes of C-7 to T-3 Serratus Posterior Superior
Insertion:Posterior surface of second through fifth ribs Serratus Posterior Superior
Nerve:Spinal nerves on through four Serratus Posterior Superior
Action:Depress the ribs during exhalation Serratus Posterior Inferior
Origin:Spinous processes of T-12 to L-3 Serratus Posterior Inferior
Insertion:Posterior surface of ninth through twelfth ribs Serratus Posterior Inferior
Nerve:Spinal nerves nine through twelve Serratus Posterior Inferior
Created by: Megan Carline
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