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Chapter 3

Infection & Wellness

TermDefinition
BBP blood borne pathogen
Biohazard biological hazard - anything potentially harmful to health.
CDC Center for Disease Control & Prevention - division of US Public Health Service responsible w/ investigation & control of diseases w/ epidemic potential.
chain of infection # of components/events that lead to infection when done in a series.
engineering controls devices (sharps container, needles w/ safety features) that isolate or remove a bloodborne pathogen hazard from the workplace.
EPA Environmental Protection Agency
fire tetrahedron 4 components that produce fire - latest way to look at chemistry of fire - Oxygen, Fuel, Heat & Chemical Reaction.
formites Objects that can contain material containing infectious agents). (countertops, bed linens, equipment
HAI
HazCom Hazardous Communication Standards of OSHA
HBV Hepatitis B Vaccination
HCV Hepatitis C Virus
HICPAC Healthcare Infection Control Procedures Action Committee advises CDC on updating guidelines regarding prevention of infections in hospitals and healthcare facilities.
HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus
immune unlikely to develop disease.
infectious/causative agent pathogen responsible for causing infection.
isolation procedures separate pt w/ transmissible infections from contact w/ others.
microbe short for micro-organism, not visible to naked eye.
MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet
neutropenic abnormally small number of neutrophils in body - granules found in WBC of adults- abt 65% in adult WBC
NIOSH NAtional Institute for Occupational Safety & Health fed agcy conducting research/make recommendations for prevention of work-related injury/illness.
nosocomial infection infections acquired in healthcare facility.
OSHA Occupational Safety & Health Administration
parenteral routes other than digestion that infections can enter body. Airborne - Ingestion (unsanitized hands)- Nonintact Skin (thru breaks in skin)- percutaneous (thru the skin) - Permucosal (thru mucous membranes)
pathogenic causing or producing disease.
pathogens Microbes that cause disease.
percutaneous break in the skin
permucosal thru mucous membranes - ingesting thru nose, mouth, eye.
PPE Personal Protective Equipment
reservoir source of an infectious microorganism. place where microorganism can survive/grow/multiply - part of chain of infection.
reverse isolation protecting patient from infections/viruses that he could catch while in hospital.
standard precautions Precautions intended to minimize risk of infection transmission when caring for all patients regardless of status. blood, body fluids, secretions excretions (not sweat) nonintact skin and mucous membranes.
susceptible host someone with decreased ability to resist infection.
transmission-based precautions additional precautions in addition to standard precautions for patient known/suspected to be infected w/ highly transmissible pathogens.
vector transmission transfer of infectious agent carried by insect, arthropod or animal.
vehicle transmission transmitting infectious agent thru contaminated food, water, drugs.
work practice controlsl practices that alter how procedure is performed to reduce likelihood of blood-borne pathogen exposure.
Created by: MissSandy
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