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6th Gr World History
Glencoe - Chapter 2: Ancient Egypt
| Vocabulary Word | Definition |
|---|---|
| cataract | steep rapids formed by cliffs and boulders in a river |
| delta | area of fertile soil at the mouth of a river |
| papyrus | reed plant of the Nile Valley, used to make a form of paper |
| hieroglyphics | system of writing made up of thousands of picture symbols developed by the ancient Egyptians |
| dynasty | line of rulers from the same family |
| pharaoh | all-powerful king in ancient Egypt |
| deity | god or goddess |
| embalming | process developed by the ancient Egyptians of preserving a person's body after death |
| mummy | body that has been embalmed and wrapped in linen |
| pyramid | huge stone structure built by the ancient Egyptians to serve as a tomb |
| tribute | payment made by one group or nation to another to show obedience or to obtain peace or protection |
| incense | material burned for its pleasant smell |
| savanna | grassy plain |
| Egypt | a country located in Northeast Africa, it was the site of a rich and powerful ancient civilization |
| Nile River | the world's longest river which flows north from the heart of Africa to the Mediterranean Sea |
| Sahara | the world's largest desert located in North Africa |
| Narmer | king of Upper Egypt, he united the two kingdoms of Upper and Lower Egypt in about 3100 B.C. |
| Giza | site of the Great Pyramid in northern Egypt on the west bank of the Nile |
| King Khufu | ancient Egyptian king for whom the Great Pyramid was built |
| Thebes | when a new dynasty of pharaohs came to power during what is called the Middle Kingdom, they moved their capital south from Memphis to this city |
| Ahmose | an Egyptian prince who led an uprising that drove the Hykos out of Egypt around 1550 B.C. |
| Hatshepsut | a pharaoh and queen of Egypt, she became the first woman to rule Egypt in her own right; known for her peaceful reign, she expanded Egypt's economy and rebuilt many of Egypt’s great temples |
| Thutmose III | nephew of Hatshepsut who succeeded her as the next pharoah; he expanded Egypt's borders through war and conquest until Egypt controlled more territory than it ever had; slavery also became common in Egypt under his rule |
| Akhenaton | pharoah whose real name was Amenhotep IV; he tried to change Egypt's religion in order to maintain his own power; under his rule, Egypt lost most of its lands in western Asia, greatly shrinking the empire |
| Tutankhamen | nicknamed "King Tut" and son-in-law of Akhenaton, he inherited the throne at about age 10; in A.D. 1922, an archaeologist found the tomb containing the pharoah's mummy and its incredible treasures |
| Ramses II | under this pharoah's rule from 1279 B.C. to 1213 B.C., Egyptian armies regained lands in western Asia and rebuilt the empire; he is also famous for his temple built at Abu Simbel, which is carved out of a solid rock cliff |
| Nubia | a region south of Egypt in what is now present-day Sudan; the Nubians settled in farming villages and became strong warriors |
| Kush | another name for Nubia, the region south of Egypt |
| Kerma | the kingdom created when the more powerful Nubian villages gradually took over the weaker ones |
| Napata | the city from which powerful Kushite kings ruled the independent kingdom of Kush; this city benefited from its favorable location on the trade route |
| Meroё | the city where Kush's rulers set up a new capital after leaving Napata; known as a trading city and a center for making iron |
| Kashta | A Kushite king, who in about 750 B.C., began conquering Egypt |
| Piye | The son of Kashta, this Kushite king completed the conquest of Egypt in 728 B.C. and founded a dynasty that ruled both Egypt and Kush from Napata |
| approaching | coming closer |
| device | tool invented for a specific use |
| assuring | guaranteeing |
| cease | to stop; to end |
| resource | something that can be used if needed |
| communicate | to exchange information |
| emerged | came into being |
| portion | a share |
| obtain | to get through effort |
| focused | paid attention to |
| stability | permanence |
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