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AP World Chapter 31
Ap World History - Summerville High School
Term | Definition |
---|---|
National Soviet (Nazi) Party | founded by Adolf Hitler in the period of the Great Depression in Germany. |
Winston Churchill | British prime minister during World War II; exemplified British determination to resist Germany. |
Blitzkrieg | German term meaning lightning warfare; involved rapid movement of troops and tanks. |
Vichy | collaborationist French government established at Vichy in 1940 following defeat by Germany. |
Battle of Britain | British defeat of the Nazi air offensive. |
Holocaust | Germany’s attempted extermination of European Jews and others; 12 million, including 6 million Jews, died. |
Battle of the Bulge | failed Nazi effort in 1943–1945 to repel invading allied armies. |
Pearl Harbor | American naval base in Hawaii attacked by Japan in December 1941; caused American entry into World War II. |
Battles of the Coral Sea and Midway Island | United States air and naval victories over the Japanese; opened the way for attack on Japanese homeland. |
United Nations | global organization, founded by the Allies following World War II. |
Teheran Conference (1944) | meeting between the leaders of the United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union; decided to open a new front against Germany in France; gave the Russians a free hand in eastern Europe. |
Yalta Conference (1945) | agreed-upon Soviet entry into the war against Japan, organization of the United Nations; left eastern Europe to the Soviet Union. |
Potsdam Conference (1945) | meeting between the leaders of the United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union in 1945; the allies accepted Soviet control of eastern Europe; Germany and Austria were divided among the victors. |
total war | 1900s warfare; vast resources and emotional commitments of belligerent nations were marshaled to support military effort; resulted from impact of industrialization on the military effort reflecting technological innovation and organizational capacity. |
Atlantic Charter | 1941 pact between the United States and Britain; gave Britain a strong ally; in return the document contained a clause recognizing the right of all people to select their own government. |
Quit India movement | mass civil disobedience campaign against the British rulers of India in 1942. |
Muslim League | Indian organization that emerged at the end of World War II; backed Britain in the war. |
Muhammad Ali Jinnah | Muslim Indian nationalist; leader of the Muslim League; worked for a separate Muslim state; first president of Pakistan. |
Convention Peoples Party (CCP) | political party established by Kwame Nkrumah in opposition to British control of colonial legislature in Gold Coast. |
Jomo Kenyatta | leader of Kenyan African Union, a nonviolent nationalist party; became first president of independent Kenya in 1962. |
Kenya African Union (KAU) | leading nationalist party in Kenya; adopted nonviolent approach to ending British control in the 1950s. |
Land Freedom Army | Kenyan underground group, led by radicals from the Kenyan African Union; engage in terrorist acts against British and other opponents. |
National Liberation Front (FLN) | Algerian nationalist movement that launched a guerrilla war during the 1950s; gained independence for Algeria in 1962. |
Secret Army Organization (OAS) | Algerian settler group opposed to independence from France; gained strength in France. |
Afrikaner National Party | became the majority in the all-white South African legislature in 1948; worked to form the rigid system of racial segregation called apartheid. |
apartheid | policy of strict racial segregation imposed in South Africa to permit the continued dominance of whites politically and economically. |