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13. China Regroups

Ap World History - Summerville High School

TermDefinition
Yangdi second Sui ruler; restored Confucian examination system; constructed canal system; assassinated in 618.
Li Yuan Duke of Tang; minister for Yangdi; took over the empire after the assassination of Yangdi; first Tang ruler.
Chang’an capital of Tang dynasty; population of 2 million larger than any contemporary world city.
Ministry of Public Rites administered the examinations for state office during the Tang dynasty.
jinshi title given students who passed the most difficult examinations; became eligible for high office.
pure land Buddhism emphasized salvationist aspects of Chinese Buddhism, popular among masses of Chinese society.
Chan Buddhism called Zen in Japan; stressed meditation and appreciation of natural and artistic beauty; popular among the elite.
Zen Buddhism called Chan Buddhism in China; stressed meditation and appreciation of natural and artistic beauty; popular among the elite.
Empress Wu Tang ruler 690–705; supported Buddhist establishment; tried to elevate Buddhism to state religion; had multistory statues of Buddha created.
Wuzong Tang emperor (841–847); persecuted Buddhist monasteries and reduced influence of Buddhism in favor of Confucianism.
Xuanzong leading Chinese emperor of the Tang dynasty who reigned from 713 to 755, although he encouraged overexpansion.
Yang Guifei royal concubine of Tang emperor Xuanzong; introduction of relatives into administration led to revolt.
Zhao Kuangyin general who founded Song dynasty; took royal name of Taizu.
Liao dynasty founded in 907 by nomadic Khitan peoples from Manchuria; maintained independence from Song dynasty in China.
Khitans founded Liao dynasty of Manchuria in 907; remained a threat to Song; very much influenced by Chinese culture.
Zhu Xi most prominent Neo-Confucian scholar during the Song dynasty; stressed importance of applying philosophical principles to everyday life.
neo-Confucians revived ancient Confucian teachings in Song-era China; great impact on the dynasties that followed; their emphasis on tradition and hostility to foreign systems made Chinese rulers and bureaucrats less receptive to outside ideas and influences.
Tangut rulers of Xi Xia kingdom of northwest China; one of regional kingdoms during period of southern Song; conquered by Mongols in 1226.
Xi Xia kingdom of Tangut people, north of Song kingdom, in mid-11th century; collected tribute that drained Song resources and burdened Chinese peasantry.
Wang Anshi Confucian scholar and chief minister of a Song ruler in 1070s; introduced sweeping reforms based on Legalism; advocated greater state intervention in society.
Jurchens founders of Jin kingdom that succeeded the Liao in northern China; annexed most of Yellow River basin and forced Song to flee south.
Jin kingdom north of the Song Empire; established by Jurchens in 1115 after overthrowing Liao dynasty; ended 1234.
Southern Song smaller surviving dynasty (1127–1279); presided over one of the greatest cultural reigns in world history.
Grand Canal great canal system begun by Yangdi; joined Yellow River region to the Yangtze basin.
junks Chinese ships equipped with watertight bulkheads, stern-post rudders, compasses, and bamboo fenders; dominant force in Asian seas east of the Malayan peninsula.
flying money Chinese credit instrument that provided vouchers to merchants to be redeemed at the end of a venture; reduced danger of robbery; an early form of currency.
footbinding male-imposed practice to mutilate women’s feet in order to reduce size; produced pain and restricted movement; helped to confine women to the household.
Li Bo most famous poet of the Tang era; blended images of the mundane world with philosophical musings.
Created by: amygilstrap7
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