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1. Early Man
Ap World History - Summerville High School
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Homo sapiens sapiens | species of humanity that emerged as most successful at the end of the Paleolithic. |
| Neolithic revolution | the succession of technological innovations and changes in human organization that led to the development of agriculture, 8500–3500 B.C.E. |
| Hunting and gathering | means of obtaining subsistence by humans before the mastery of sedentary agriculture; normally typical of tribal social organization. |
| Çatal Hüyük | early urban culture based on sedentary agriculture; located in modern southern Turkey; larger in population than Jericho, had greater degree of social stratification. |
| Nomads | cattle and sheep, herding societies normally found on the fringes of civilized societies; commonly referred to as “barbarian” by civilized societies. |
| Paleolithic period | typified by use of evolving stone tools and hunting and gathering for subsistence. "Old Stone Age" |
| Neolithic period | period in which adaptation of sedentary agriculture occurred; domestication of plants and animals accomplished. "New Stone Age" |
| Bronze Age characteristics | increased use of plow, metalworking; development of wheeled vehicles, writing. |
| Patriarchy | a system of society or government in which the father or eldest male is head of the family and descent is traced through the male line. |
| Matriarchy | a form of social organization in which descent and relationship are reckoned through the female line. |
| Civilization | societies with reliance on sedentary agriculture, ability to produce food surpluses, and existence of non-farming elites, along with merchant and manufacturing groups. |
| Mesopotamia | literally “between the rivers”; the civilizations that arose in the alluvial plain of the Tigris Euphrates river valleys |
| Sumerians | people who migrated into Mesopotamia circa 4000 B.C.E.; created the first civilization within the region; organized area into city states. |
| Cuneiform | a form of writing developed by the Sumerians using a wedge shaped stylus and clay tablets. |
| Ziggurats | massive towers usually associated with Mesopotamian temple connections. |
| Pharaoh | the term used to denote the kings of ancient Egypt; the term, “great house” refers to the palace of the pharaohs. |
| Pyramids | monumental architecture typical of Old Kingdom Egypt; used as burial sites for pharaohs. |
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amygilstrap7
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