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Anatomy Exam 3
Liver, Gallbladder, Sleen and Pancreas
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| This organ occupies almost all of the right hypochondrium, Epigastrium and extends into the Left hypochondrium | Liver |
| All substance from the GI tract except for fat are initially conveyed to the liver by what | Portal vein |
| Why are teh substances from the GI tract conveyed to the liver | For Detoxification prior to reaching the right atrium of the heart |
| What does the liver produce that aids in digestion of fat | Bile |
| What connects the liver to teh diaphragm | Coronary Ligaments |
| The Ligamentum Teres of the Liver is the remnant of what embriological structure | Umbilical Vein |
| What are contained within the Hepatoduodenal Ligament | Common Bile Duct, Hepatic Artery and Portal vein |
| What seperates the Left lobe of the liver from the Caudate lobe | Fissure for Ligamentum Venosum |
| The Ligamentum Venosum is the remnant of what embriological structure | Ductus Venosus |
| What seperates the Left lobe of the liver from the Quadrate lobe | The Falciform ligament and ligamentum teres |
| What seperates the Right lobe of the liver from the Quadrate lobe | Gallbladder |
| What seperates the Right lobe of the liver from teh caudate lobe | Inferior vena cava |
| What seperates the Caudate lobe of the liver from the Quadrate Lobe | Portal triad |
| What stores and concentrates bile | Gallbladder |
| What does bile do | Emulsifies fat |
| This portion of the gallbladder projects from teh inferior border of the liver to the tip of the right 9th costal cartilage along the midclavicular line | Fundus |
| What are the functional units of the liver | Hepatic lobules |
| What produces bile in the liver | Hepatocytes |
| What ducts drain bile from the liver | Right and Left Hepatic ducts |
| When the right and left hepatic ducts join they form the | Common Hepatic Duct |
| What duct runs from the gallbladder | Cystic Duct |
| When the Cystic duct joins the Common Hepatic duct they form the | Common Bile Duct |
| Where does the common bile duct empty into | Duodenum |
| Is the pancreas intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal | Retroperitoneal |
| What are the parts of the pancreas | Head, Neck, Body, Tail |
| What part of the pancreas is contained within the loop of the duodenum | Head |
| What part of the pancreas is anterior and superior to the mesenteric vessels | Neck |
| What part of the pancreas is the largest protion anc course to the left | Body |
| What part of the pancreas contacts the spleen | Tail |
| What type of gland is the pancreas | Endocrine and Exocrine |
| What endocrine hormones does the pancreas secrete | Insulin and Glucagon form the Islets of Langerhans |
| What exocrine secretions does the pancreas produce | Pancreatic juices from acinar cells |
| What is the largest lymphatic organ that produces lymphocytes macrophages and antibodies | Spleen |
| What organ destroys worn out red blood cells | Spleen |
| What is the blood supply to the spleen | Short gastric blood vessels in the gastrosplenic legament |
| What are the impressionsions and surface of the spleen | Gastric Impression, Bolic Impression, Renal Impression, Diaphragmatic Surface |
| The pancreas receives blood from what two sources | Celiac trunk and Superior Mesenteric artery |
| The union of the Superior Mesenteric Vein with the Splenic vein (the inferior mesenteric vein usually drains into the splenic vein)forms what | Hepatic Portal vein |
| The liver is drain by what | Hepatic veins |
| What do hepatic veins empty into | Inferior vena cava |
| What does the free edge of the Hepatoduodenal Ligament contain | Portal Vein, Proper Hepatic artery and Bile duct |
| When hepatocytes are destroyed and replaced by scar tissue, increased pressure in portal circulation results in | Portal Hypertension |
| As less albumin is produced by the liver, water will accumulate in the legs known as ... and abdomen known as .... | Edema, Ascites |
| A buildup of bilirubin | Jaundice |
| The left gastric vein anastomoses with the | Sumbucosal Esophageal veins |
| If portal hypertension is present and the submucosal esophageal veins are distended this is called | Esophageal varices |
| The Superior Rectal vein anastomoses with the | Middle Rectal vein |
| If portal hypertension is present and the Middle rectal veins are distended this is called | Hemorrhoids (internal) |
| the Small veins around the LIgamentum teres anastomose with the | Superficial abdominal veins |
| If portal hypertension is present and the Superficial abdominal veins are distended this is called | Caput Medusa |
| Portal hypertension can be treated by diverting blood fromt eh portal to the | Caval system |
| How is blood shunted from the portal to the caval system | Splenorenal shunt, Side-to-side portacaval shunt, Mesocaval shunt, Tranjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt |
| This shunt is from the splenic veins to the Left renal vein | Splenorenal shunt |
| This shunt is from the inferior end of the portal vein to the inferior vena cava | Side-to-side shunt |
| This shunt is a prosthetic vascular graft between the Superior mesenteric vein to the inferior vena cava | Mesocaval shunt |
| This shunt involves a catheter being placed in the right internal jugular vein. An intrahepatic shunt is created between a hepatic vein and a branch of the portal vein, creating a channel between the portal and hepatic veins | Tranjuculat Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt |
| The liver develops from the foregut as an outgrowth called the | Hepatic diverticulum |
| The gallbladder develops from the foregut as an outgrowth called the | Hepatic diverticulum |
| The pancrease develops from dorsal and ventral ... that eventuall fuse to form the ... | Pancreatic buds, definitive pancreas |
| The spleen develops within the dorsal | Mesogastrium |
Created by:
mhaynes
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