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Senses
The Nervous System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| General Senses | Touch, Pressure, Stretch, Hot, Cold and Pain. Receptors for general senses are located thru out the body |
| Thermoreceptors | Temperature |
| Nociceptors | Pain receptors, respond to tissue injury |
| Mechanoreceptors | Touch, vibration, stretch and pressure |
| Receptors in the Skin | Free nerve ending, Tactile corpuscles, Hair receptors, Lamellar corpuscles, Bulbous corpuscles and Tactile disk |
| Free Nerve Ending | Dendrites with no associated with connective tissue, Widspread, Respond to heat, cold and pain |
| Tactile Corpuscles | Mechanoreceptor for light, toch and texture(the difference between silk and sand paper) |
| Hair Recptors | Mechanoreceptors for any light touch that bends the hair |
| Lamellar Corpuscles | Mechanoreceptors for deep pressure(something smashing you), stretch and vibration |
| Bulbous Corpuscles | Mechanorecptorss for heavy touch, pressure and stretching of the skin |
| Tactile Disk | Mechanoreceptor for light touch |
| General Senses in the Skin | Neurons for general senses send messages on the type of touch were receiving(hot,deep,stretch), location, intensity and thr duration of the sensation |
| Cranial Nerve General Senses | Responsible for sensation related to our head |
| Spinal Nerve General Senses | Responsible for sensation below the head |
| Referred Pain | Pain signals from the internal organs often follow the same pathways as skin receptors. not actually felt in the organ |
| Sensation Messages | Sent to the Hypothalamus or Amygdala may initiate an emotional response |
| Special Senses located in the head | Taste, Smell, Hearing, Equilibrium and vision |
| Smell | Bipolar Neuron in shape, Olfactory cell, that stick out the mucosa in the nasal cavitiy thru the cribiform plate to the brain. |
| Olfactory Hairs in Mucosa | Are Chemoreceptors |
| Phyiology of Smell | The pathway for smells involves the olfactory nerve and does not go thru the thalamus on its way to the frontal lobe |
| Pathway for Smell | Bipolar Neuron- CNI- Temporal Lobe(general sensory area) to the Frontal Lobe(decision area) or Hypothalamus and amygdala( emotional response) |
| Taste | sense organ is the taste bud |
| Taste Buds | Located mostly on the tongue and contain different cells. within taste buds are taste hairs that are chemoreceptors |
| Basal Cells in Taste Bud | Stem cells that replace dead taste cells |
| Support Cells | Physically support the 50-150 taste cells in each taste bud |
| Primary Taste | Salt,sweet,sour,bitter and umani (delicious) |
| Interperting Taste | 80% smell |
| Pathway for Taste | 3 Cranial nerve- Medulla Oblongata- to the pons, midbrain, thalamus, to the parietal lobe or to the hypothalamus and amygala |
| Hearing | The ear can be divided into 3 sections: External ear, the middle ear and the inner ear |
| External Ear 2 Parts | Pinna and External Auditory Canal |
| Pinna/Auricle (fleshy part) | Funnel like structure made of cartliage and skin, attached to side of head |
| External Auditory Canal | Short tube extending from pinna to eardrum, has ceruminous glands |
| Cerumen | Ear wax |
| Sound Waves | Hit the pinna enter the auditory canal to the middle ear |
| Middle Ear 4 components | Typanic Membrane(Eardrum), Typanic Cavity, Auditory Tube and Ear Ossicles |
| Typanic Membrane | Stretched piece of membrane inside the auditory canal, outside covered in skin inside covered in mucous membrane |
| Typanic Cavity | Filled with air in the temporal bone, helps to process sound |
| Auditory Tube | Connects typanic cavity with the pharynx, equalizing air pressure behind the ear so the eardrum can function properly |
| Ear Ossicles | 3 tiny bones Mallus, Incus and Stapes interact with eachother to transmit sound waves |
| Vibrations from Typanic Membrane | Pass from the Malleus(takes sounds from the typanic membrane) to the Incus to the Stapes then vibrates on the oval window of inner ear |
| Inner Ear | 2 series of tubes and chambers one inside the other. |
Created by:
myrnasGirl3
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