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Anatomy Exam 3
GI Tract Development
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the 3 regions of the gut | Foregut, Midgut, Hindgut |
| Contains the abdominal esophagus, stomach, proximal duodenum, liver, pancrease, gallbladder, spleen | Foregut |
| Contains the distal duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, asceding colon, proximal 2/3 transverse colon | Midgut |
| Contains the distal 1/3 transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum | Hindgut |
| The regions of the gut are differentiated based upon | Their blood supply |
| The foreguts gets its main blood supply from the descending aorta via the | Celiac trunk |
| What are the 3 main branches of the celiac trunk | Splenic, Left Gastric, Common hepatic |
| What two branchs off the Splenic | Short gastric aa, Left gastroomental |
| What does the Splenic artery supply | Spleen |
| What do the short gastric aa supply | Fundus of stomach |
| What does the Left gastroomental a supply | Greater curvature of stomach on the left hand side |
| What does the Left gastric | Lesser curvature of the stomach on the left hand side |
| What two branches does the Common hepatic a give off | Proper Hepatic, Gastroduodenal |
| The proper hepatic artery gives of what three branchs | Right and Left Hepatic aa and Right gastric artery |
| What do the right and left hepatic aa supply | Liver |
| What does the right gastric a supply | Lesser curvature of the stomach on the right hand side |
| The Right gastric a anastomoses with what | Left gastric a |
| What branches does the gastroduodenal a give off | Right Gastroomental and Pancreaticoduodenal |
| What does the Right gastroomental a. supply | Greater curvature of the stomach on the right hand side |
| The right gastroomental a anastomoses with what | Left gastroomental a |
| The Pancreaticodoudenal a usually has what two branches | Superior and Inferior |
| The Midgut gets its main blood supply from the descending aorta via the | Superior mesentaric a |
| The five main branches of the superior mesentaric a are | Middle Colic, Right Colic, Ileocolic, Jujenal aa., Ileal aa. |
| The Middle Colic a supplies the | Transverse colin |
| The Middle Colic a gives of the | Marginal a |
| The Right Colic a supplies the | Ascending colin |
| What does the Right Colic a anastomose with | Marginal a. |
| What does the Ileocolic a supply | The Ilium and Colin |
| What are the branches of the Ileocolic a | Posterior cecal and Appendicular |
| What does the Posterior cecal a supply | The posterior part of the cecum |
| What does teh Appendicular a supply | The Appendix |
| What do the jujunal aa supply | Jejunum |
| What do the Ileal aa supply | Ilium |
| The Jejunal and Ileal aa split into | Loops and arcades, vasa recta |
| What is the character of vasa recta in the ileum | Short |
| What is the character of the vasa recta in the jejunum | Long |
| Which has more arcades the Ilium or the Jejunum | Ilium |
| The hindgut receives its major blood supply from the descending aorta via the | Inferior Mesenteric a |
| The inferior mesenteric a gives off what branches | Left Colic, Sigmoid a, Superior rectal |
| What does the Left Colic a supply | Most of the descending colin |
| What branch does the Left Colic a give off | Marginal |
| The left marginal artery anastomosis with what | Middle Colic |
| What doe the Sigmoid aa supply | Sigmoid colin and lower part of descending colin |
| What does the superior rectal a supply | Rectum |
| What are the two sets of venous drainage in the abdomen | Caval circulation and Portal circulation |
| What does the caval circulation drain | Structures associated with teh abdominal wall; kidneys, gonads, Musculature |
| Where does the caval circulation drain into | Inferior vena cava |
| What does the portal circulation drain | Structures associated with the gut tube |
| Where does the portal circulation drain | Liver |
| What do the inferior phrenic vv drain | Diaphragm |
| What do the renal vv. drain | Kidneys |
| Which renal vein is typically a little longer | Left |
| What do the gonadal vv drain | Gonads |
| Where does the righ gonadal v drain into | Inferior vena cava |
| Where does the left gonadal v drain into | Left Renal v |
| What do the common iliac vv drain | Lower limb and some pelvis |
| What do the lumbar vv drain | Musculature of lumbar region |
| What does the median sacral v drain | Sacrum |
| What forms the Portal v | Splenic and Superior Mesenteric v. |
| What does the Superior mesenteric v. drain | Much of the large intestine and bits of the small intestine |
| What does the Splenic v. drain | Spleen, Stomach, Pancreas |
| What also drains into the portal v | Left and right gastric v |
| What drains into the splenic vein | Inferior mesenteric v |
| What does the inferior mesenteric v drain | Descending colon |
| What drains into inferior mesenteric v | Superior rectal v |
| What caval veins does the Left gastric vein anastomose with | Sumbucosal Esophageal veins |
| What caval vein does the Superior Rectal vein anastomase with | Middle Rectal vein |
| What caval veins do the small veins around the ligamentum teres anastomose with | Superficial abdominal veins |
| Veins draining the posterior aspects of retroperitoneal organs anastomoase with | Retroperitoneal veins draining the posterior abdominal wall |
| In the embryo what lines the gut tube | Endoderm |
| Tissue that covers the gut tube is called | Peritoneum |
| A double layer of peritoneum that attaches the gut tube to the body is called | Mesentery |
| What attaches the gut tube to the dorsal body wall | Dorsal Mesentery |
| What attaches the gut tube to the ventral body wall | Ventral mesentary |
| Most of the GI tract is surrounded by peritoneum making it | Intraperitoneal |
| Some organs have only the anterior surface covered by peritoneum making them | Retroperitoneal |
| During forgut development what grows from the dorsal portion | Dorsal portion of stomach, spleen, pancreas |
| Dorsal mesenterery becomes what | Greater omentum |
| During forgut development what grows from teh ventral portion | Ventral portion of stomach, Liver, Gallbladder |
| Ventral mesentery becomes what | Lesser omentum |
| During forgut development what happens first | Anterior-Posterior Out growths |
| During forgut development what happens second | The stomach rotates 90 degrees clockwise |
| The greater omentum forms the boundary of the | Omental bursa |
| The lesser omentum covers the | Lesser sac |
| What is the opening of the lesser sac called | Omental foramen |
| Is the first part of the duodenum intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal | Intraperitoneal |
| The transition to the midgut is where what duct enters into the duodenum | Common bile duct |
| The liver and gallbladder develop from the foregut as the | Hepatic Diverticulum |
| The pancrease develops from the dorsal and ventral pancreatic buds that eventually fuse to form the | Definitive process |
| The spleen develops withing the dorsal | Mesogastrium |
| The foregut undergoes a ... degree clockwise rotation | 90 |
| During embryoligic development the midgut elongates and extends out to the | Umbilical cord |
| During development the midgut rotates | 90 Counterclockwise |
| During development after the first rotation the midgut tube begins to | Return to the abdominal cavity |
| During development after it returns to the abdomin the midgut rotates another | 180 degrees counterclockwise |
| During development when the midgut is rotating if the superior mesentaric artery or its brnaches become compressed it is called | Volvulus |
| During development if part of the gut tube remains sticking out of the body wall it is called | Gastroschisis or Omphalocele |
| What common tube differentiates into the UG and GI systems | Cloaca |
| Most of the innervation of the gut is mostly | Autonomic |
| The sympathetic nerves that innervate the the gut are the | Greater, Lesser, Least and Lumbar splanchnic nn |
| The parasympathetic nerves that innervate the gut are the | Vagus and Pelvic splanchnic nn |
| What is the sympathetic innervation for the foregut | Greater splanchnic n |
| What is the parapympatheticn innervation for the foregut | Vagus |
| What are teh visceral afferent for the foregut | T6-T12 |
| What is the sympathetic innervation for the Midgut | Lesser and Least splanchnic nn |
| What is the parasympathetic innervation for the midgut | Vagus |
| What are the visceral afferents for the midgut | T8-T12 |
| What is the sympathetic innervation for the hindgut | Least splanchnic nerve |
| What is the parasympathetic innervation for the hindgut | Pelvic splanchnic n |
| What are visceral afferents for the hindgut | T12-S4 |
Created by:
mhaynes
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