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Renaissance and R
Flashcards
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Michelangelo | Italian artist who painted many artworks inside some of the Vatican's churches |
| Henry VIII | English monarch who broke from the Catholic church and made himself head of the Church of England |
| Humanism | The doctrine that people's duty is to promote human welfare |
| Scientific Revolution | The period beginning in 1600 when thinkers began using experimentation, observation, and mathematics to understand the workings of nature |
| Perspective | The appearance of things relative to one another as determined by their distance from the viewer |
| Predestination | (theology)being determined in advance; especially the doctrine(usually associated with Calvin)that God has foreordained every event throughout eternity(including the final salvation of mankind) |
| Council of Trent | In 1545 when people wanted to change church beliefs and practices they started a movement called Protestantism, the Catholic Church responded by calling the Council of Trent |
| Copernicus | Polish astronomer who produced a workable model of the solar system with the sun in the center(1473-1543) |
| Leonardo | Italian painter and sculptor and engineer and scientist and architect; the most versatile genius of the Italian Renaissance(1452-1519) |
| Indulgences | Certificates sold by the church that would cancel a person's sins |
| Petrarch | Francesco Petrarch was an Italian poet and scholar who started a movement to reevaluate the literature of ancient Rome. That process of rediscovery led to the Renaissance |
| Utopia | An imaginary place considered to be perfect or ideal. |
| Sect | A subdivision of a larger religious group |
| Florence | A city in central Italy on the Arno River; provincial capital of Tuscany; center of the Italian Renaissance from 14th to 16th centuries |
| Thomas Moore | A Christian Humanist writer who wrote Utopia |
| Vernacular | The everyday speech of the people(as distinguished from literary language) |
| Diect of Worms | The diect(assembly)at worms when Martin Luther appeared to answer charges of heresy |
| Descartes | French philosopher and mathematician; developed dualistic theory of mind and matter; introduced the use of coordinates to locate a point in two or three dimensions(1596-1650) |
| Martin Luther | German monk who protested false doctrines of the Roman Church, sparking the Protestant Reformation |
| Machievelli | He wrote the Prince, in which he supported absolute power for rulers |
| Charles V | Hapsburg Holy Roman Emperor during Protestant Reformation |
| Ghetto | The quarter of many European cities in which Jews are required to live |
| Canonize | To officially declare a person(who has died)a saint |
| Catholic Reformation | The time period where the Catholic Church had to respond to intense criticisms |
| Geneva | City which became known as "Protestant Rome" |
| Newton | English mathematician and physicist; remembered for developing the calculus and for his law of gravitation and his three laws of motion(1642-1727) |
| Shakespeare | English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers(1564-1616) |
| Theocracy | A political unit governed by a deity(or by officials thought to be divinely guided) |
| Humanities | Studies intended to provide general knowledge and intellectual skills(rather than occupational or professional skills) |
| Galileo | Italian astronomer and mathematician who was the first to use a telescope to study the stars; demonstrated that different weights descend at the same rate; perfected the refracting telescope that enabled him to make many discoveries(1564-1642) |
| John Calvin | French priest who broke away form the Catholic Church. He believed that God had already chosen who would be saved |
| Patron | Someone who supports or champions something |
| Gutenburg | German printer who was the first in Europe to print using movable type and the first to use a press |
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