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Unit 5 Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Agriculture | Cultivation of animals, plants, and other life forms for food, medicinals, etc. |
| Crop | A cultivated plant that is grown as food, especially a grain, fruit, or vegetable |
| Agricultural Revolution | Period of transition from the preagricultural period into an agricultural period by people beginning to eat cultivated foods |
| Plant/Animal Domestication | Process by which wild plants or animals become adapted to humans and the environment they provide |
| Commercial Agriculture | Farming for a profit or food is produced by advanced technological needs |
| Subsistence Agriculture | Self sufficient farming in which the farmers focus on growing enough food to feed themselves and their families |
| Cereal | Grain used for food such as wheat, oats, or corn |
| Grain | Wheat or any other cultivated cereal crop used as food |
| Dietary energy consumption | Proportion of undernourished people |
| Food security | The state reliable access to a sufficient quantity of affordable nutritious food |
| Pastoral Nomadism | Groups of people that raise livestock, and they move about within their established territory to find good pastures for their animals |
| transhumance | the action or practice of moving livestock from one grazing ground to another |
| Pasture | land covered with grass and other low plants |
| slash and burn agriculture | large scale deforestation of acres of forests for agricultural usage |
| shifting cultivation | form of agriculture in which an area of ground is cleared of vegetation and cultivated for a few years and then abandoned |
| swidden | area of land cleared for cultivation by slashing and burning |
| intensive subsistence | farmers producing enough for their own consumption while remaining produce is used for exchange for other goods |
| wet rice | labor intensive, many people are required to do the job |
| sawah (paddy) | wet or irrigated rice field in Indonesia |
| double cropping | growing two or more crops in the same space during a single growing season |
| crop rotation | rotating crops to replenish nitrogen back into the soil |
| plantation | an estate on which crops are cultivated by resident labor |
| agribusiness | agriculture conducted on commercial principles especially using advanced technology |
| truck farming | production of crops on a large scale in regions especially suited to their culture, primarily for shipment to distant markets |
| milkshed | a region furnishing milk to a particular community |
| intensive agriculture | low fallow ratio and higher use of inputs such as capital and labor per unit land area |
| extensive agriculture | agricultural production system that uses small inputs of labor, fertilizers,and capital relative to the land area being used |
| winter wheat | strains of wheat that are planted in the autumn to germinate and develop into young plants that don't resume growth until the early spring |
| spring wheat | wheat that is sown in the spring and harvested int he late summer or fall |
| reaper | person or machine that harvests the crop |
| combine | to harvest plants and bring them together |
| horticulture | the art or practice of garden cultivation and management |
| ranching | a large tract of land for rearing livestock |
| desertification | process by which fertile land becomes desert |
| prime agricultural land | land that has the best combination of physical and chemical characteristics for producing food |
| aquaculture | the rearing of aquatic animals or the cultivation of aquatic plants for food |
| green revolution | a large increase in crop production in developing countries achieved by the use of fertilizers, pesticides, and high yield crop varieties |
| sustainable agriculture | production of food, fiber, or other plant or animal products using farming techniques that protect the environment, public health, etc. |
Created by:
amberlague
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