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Harcourt Mesopotamia
Chapter 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| innovation | A new way of doing things. |
| division of labor | The sharing of large jobs so that each worker does only part of it. |
| surplus | An extra supply. |
| monarchy | The system of government in which a king or a queen rules. |
| absolute authority | A system of government in which one person has complete control. |
| bureaucracy | A network of specially selected government officials. |
| pictograph | A drawing or symbol used to represent a word. |
| cuneiform | A form of ancient writing in southwest Asia. |
| social class | A group that has a particular level of importance in a society. |
| merchant | A person who buys and sells goods to make a living. |
| conquer | To take over. |
| empire | Vast lands and varied people that come under control of a single government. |
| standing army | An army with paid full time soldiers. |
| Taxation | The practice of requiring people to pay for the running of their government. |
| centralized government | A form of government in which the national government maintains the power. |
| code | A set of laws written down in a clear and orderly way. |
| principle | A rule of code of conduct; a belief |
| chariot | A two wheeled, horse drawn cart used in ancient times to carry soldiers into battle. |
| warfare | A military activity undertaken by one nation to weaken or destroy another. |
| decree | An official order or decision made by a ruler. |
| territory | A large division of a country that does not have the same rights of self |
| relief | A wall carving that stands out from the surface of a building. |
| scribe | A person who writes things for others. |
| Why did the Sumerians develop a writing system? | Government wanted to keep records of food. |
| The lowest class in Sumerian society was | farmers and slaves |
| Sargon was known for | creating the world's first empire |
| People are made to pay for running their government describes the system of taxation created by | the kings of Babylon |
| The Kassites conquered Baylon by | waiting until Hittites left the city with its riches. |
| What did Assyrians learn from the Hittites? | How to make and use chariots. |
| Sumerians had what form of government? | Monarchy |
| Sumerian innovations | dikes, reservoirs, canals, wheeled charts, and a division of labor |
| What are two innovations of the Babylonian Empire? | A system of taxation and a centralized government. |
| What innovations helped to unite the people of the Assyrian Empire? | a system of paved roads, postal system;local government |
| What empire replaced the Assyrian Empire? | The New Babylonian Empire |
| Who were the Amorites? | Rulers of Babylonian Empire |
| Sargon ruled the Akkadian Empire for | 56 years |
| One of Sargon's major accomplishments as a ruler of the Akkadian Empire was | development of a standing army. |
| Which of the following is an idea that formed the basis of the Code of Hammurabi? | The strong shall not oppress the weak. |
| Mesopotamia was known as | The Fertile Crescent |
| Ancient Mesopotamia is located on what now | southern Iraq |
| Who had more authority and independence in Sumer, men or women? | men |
| The New Babylonian Empire replaced | the Assyrian Empire |
| Mesopotamia is located between which two Rivers? | Tigris and Euphrates |
| What was the capital of the Assyrian Empire? | Nineveh |
| How did Nineveh change after becoming the Assyrian capital? | Became a beautiful city of gardens and palaces |
| What was the capital of Babylonian Empire? | Babylon |
| The Kassites ruled for how many years? | over 500 |
| How many laws were in the Code of Hammurabi? | 282 |
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